Twin studies: A unique epidemiological tool

Sahu, Monalisha; Prasuna, J G

doi:10.4103/0970-0218.183593

Cited by 59 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Concerning outcomes, the twin registry studies cover a wide range of clinical and non-clinical disciplines. They reached novel ndings in various health topics such as nding new methods in the diagnosis of cancer, discovering causes of premature deaths, studying on fetal abnormalities, and determining underlying hereditary factors in chronic diseases, the e cacy of new drugs, and identifying risk factors of behavioral disorders [3,8,15,[28][29][30]. The development of a twin registry in some countries also led to the publication of more than fty research articles annually.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The speci c genetic structure of twins enabled researchers to nd the answer to some puzzling questions in medical sciences by studying the impact of genetic and environmental factors in different domains of medicine using the health-related data of twins and their long-term clinical follow-up [5,6]. It is necessary to conduct a large clinical trial and longitudinal cohort studies to achieve such valuable results [7,8]. With the advancement of healthcare technology and the possibility of using large data repositories, clinical registries have been invented to overcome the challenges of traditional clinical studies [9,10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the last three decades, the national twin registries have been founded in developed countries to create a national database containing primary and secondary data related to identical (monozygotic) and nonidentical (dizygotic) twins [8,16]. In addition to other bene ts, organizing and recording information of twins would be decreased the bias of the population-based survey [4,7,17,18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Rational Framework for Development Iranian Twin Registry: Lessons Learned from Developed Twin Registries

Abtahi¹,

Gholamzadeh²,

Shahmoradi³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Regarding technology advancement in health sciences and the possibility of recording and organizing a huge amount of data, registries in various clinical domains have been established. The specific genetic structure of twins has enabled researchers to find answers to role of genetics and environment in medical sciences. Thus, twin registries were developed across the world to support twin studies. The main objective of this study is devising a conceptual model for developing the Iranian twin registry to ensure the success of this registry. Methods: In this descriptive and qualitative study, the combination of literature review, brainstorming, and focus group discussions were applied to develop a conceptual model of the twin registry. Based on our qualitative and thematic analysis, the workflow of information gathering and different data levels are described in this study. Results: According to the characteristics of established worldwide twin registries, the success factors in registry implementation were recognized. Moreover, based on our objectives, the hierarchical conceptual model of the registry was invented. The source of information, the different levels of data, and the information flow were determined based on this model. The workflow modeling of data gathering was represented through this survey to clarify the data collection and saving processes. Conclusion: Suggesting a conceptual model and standard framework for twin registry development at the national level based on the experiences of other countries could guide researchers in twin registries implementation efficiently. Moreover, the next steps of implementing a twin registry in a standardized and stepwise way are outlined in this project.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A Rational Framework for Development Iranian Twin Registry: Lessons Learned from Developed Twin Registries

Abtahi¹,

Gholamzadeh²,

Shahmoradi³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…This may be better understood by utilizing twins as study subjects. Galton 4 was the first to suggest the merits of twin studies. Monozygotic twin…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth and Development of Dentofacial Complex influenced by Genetic and Environmental Factors using Monozygotic Twins

Manjusha¹,

Jyothindrakumar²,

Nishad³

et al. 2017

The Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice

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Aim:The purpose of this study was to determine the possible effects of genetic and environmental factors on dentofacial complex using monozygotic twins. Materials and methods:The study sample was made of 21 pairs of monozygotic twins (14 female pairs and seven male pairs) between 10 and 25 years. Pretreatment lateral cephalograms were used which were traced and digitized, and various landmarks to determine the anteroposterior and vertical proportions were marked. Samples were divided into two groups. The correlation between groups was found by calculating Pearson's product moment correlation coefficients. Results:The range of the correlation coefficient was from 0.705 to 0.952. Gonial angle showed the highest correlation coefficient (0.952), while saddle angle showed the lowest correlation coefficient (0.705). Conclusion:The growth and development of craniofacial complex is under mutifactorial control. However, genetic influences do tend to play a dominant role.Clinical significance: By studying identical twins, we can study about the interaction of the environment with the genes and how it affects the growth and development of the body in general and dentofacial complex in particular. By utilizing twin studies, we can identify whether a particular trait, disease, or disorder is influenced more strongly by genetics or by the environment. Success of orthodontic treatment depends on a proper diagnosis of the problem including its etiological factors. Genetic studies let the orthodontists to understand the effects of genetic and environmental factors in the growth and development of dentofacial complex better and allows to prevent or treat malocclusions and skeletal anomalies in better ways. Growth and Development of Dentofacial Complex influenced by Genetic and Environmental Factors using Monozygotic Twins

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“…[3] Use of twins in research not only improves the statistical power of a genetic study but also estimates the proportion of variance attributable to gene expression and environmental (shared as well as unshared) influences. [4] The originally established zygotic genome might get modified due to various factors like the prenatal environment of the mono-chorionic placenta, the post-zygotic divergence of epigenome or different post-natal environments, as a result of which monozygotic (identical) twins may display any actual resemblance to each other. [5] This case report illustrates three cases of monozygotic (Identical) twins who share a similar environmental background (Village of Twins) but presented with heterogeneous or non-identical occlusal characteristics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heterogeneous Occlusal Traits among Monozygotic Twins from the Village of Twins – A Report of 3 Cases

Jodalli¹,

Panchmal²,

Sonde³

et al. 2016

AIMDR

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Research involving twins contributes much to the scientific world as they enable one to understand the complex morphological variations and the phenotypic expressions of various genes. Twin research study design illustrates and explains the relative contribution and interactions of genes and the environmental factors responsible for the development of a particular trait. Quantification of the genetic and environmental contributing factors enables researchers to explore the variations to various physical, behavioural disorders and dental diseases like dental caries, periodontal diseases and malocclusion. Research with monozygotic twins who share the same genetic pool and similar environmental factors estimates the expression of a particular trait by disentangling the shared genetic coding and environmental contributing features. Monozygotic twin pairs may not always be a look alike in resemblance or other features given that fact that the original zygotic genome might be altered due to epigenetic and environmental factors. This case report elaborates three monozygotic twins from a unique village of twins who differ in their occlusal characteristics.

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Twin studies: A unique epidemiological tool

Cited by 59 publications

References 24 publications

A Rational Framework for Development Iranian Twin Registry: Lessons Learned from Developed Twin Registries

A Rational Framework for Development Iranian Twin Registry: Lessons Learned from Developed Twin Registries

Growth and Development of Dentofacial Complex influenced by Genetic and Environmental Factors using Monozygotic Twins

Heterogeneous Occlusal Traits among Monozygotic Twins from the Village of Twins – A Report of 3 Cases

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