“…F. tularensis subsp. holarctica has been isolated in North America, Japan, Asia, and Europe, and is associated with waterborne infection in rodents, and different vectors [ 29 , [33] , [34] , [35] , [36] , [37] , [38] ]. Although F. tularensis cause lymphadenopathy, pinpoint white spots on the liver and spleen, chronic nephritis, bacteriuria, and necrotic manifestations among rodents, they are known as a putative reservoir or vector for the transmission cycle of this bacterium.…”