Tube cystostomy for management of obstructive urolithiasis in ruminants

Abstract

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the simple tube cystostomy procedure for management of urethral obstruction cases in ruminants. Materials and Methods:Tube cystostomy was used to treat a total of 58 ruminants, which included 35 buffalo calves and 23 goats. Diagnosis of the disease was made with the history of anuria, clinical signs, and physical examinations. Physical parameters like heart rate, respiratory rate, rectal temperature dehydration status of animals by skin tenting test, and intraoperative findings were compared.Results: Young ruminants were most commonly affected and the mean age was 4-5 months in both species. Only male were considered for the study in which buffalo calves were not castrated but in goat's 73.91% animal were castrated and 34.7% not castrated. Rupture of bladder was more common in buffalo calves as compared to goats. The confirmed cases of obstructive urolithiasis were selected for tube cystostomy with Foley's catheter. Postoperatively all cases were administered with broad spectrum antibiotic, anti-inflammatory agent, and caliculolytic agents like ammonium chloride. Postoperative complications recorded only in 10 animals and remaining 48 animals had an uneventful recovery. Conclusion:Tube cystostomy is a simple and effective procedure particularly in intact urinary bladder, which can be adopted at field level.

Clinical findings and diagnostic procedures in 270 small ruminants with obstructive urolithiasis

“…Although urolithiasis in small ruminants has been described in numerous reports of small groups of affected animals, the range and distribution of clinical signs of the disease has not been documented in a large number of affected animals. Recent retrospective clinical studies included data from 25 to 107 animals . Our study describes the clinical presentation and diagnostic procedures in 270 small ruminants with obstructive urolithiasis based on the results of complete clinical examination, blood analyses, ultrasonography, and radiographic studies of the abdomen.…”

“…Recent retrospective clinical studies included data from 25 to 107 animals. 6,[9][10][11][12][13] Our study describes the clinical presentation and diagnostic procedures in 270 small ruminants with obstructive urolithiasis based on the results of complete clinical examination, blood analyses, ultrasonography, and radiographic studies of the abdomen. The objective of the study was to describe the distribution of the various clinical signs and laboratory abnormalities with regard to their reliability for the diagnosis of obstructive urolithiasis in small ruminants.…”

Surgical Management of Obstructive Urolithiasis in Small Ruminants by Tube Cystostomy in Chittagong, Bangladesh

“…This variation in occurrence of early castration results in reduced testosterone which may cause hypoplasia of urethral orifice [1]. The reduction of testosterone may also decrease the protective hydrophilic colloid in the urine which increased the incidence of urolithiasis [6]. However, this variation was only noticed in goats not in bovine calves in this study.…”

Decision making in large animal surgery

“…Generally, prognosis for the management of this condition is good (Rakestraw and others 1995, May and others 1998, Tamilmahan and others 2014). Good medium-term outcomes are reported for both bladder marsupialisation and tube cystotomy.…”