Trout Production in an Experimental Stream Enriched with Sucrose

Warren, Charles E.; Wales, J. H.; Davis, G. E.; Doudoroff, Peter

doi:10.2307/3798780

Cited by 164 publications

(89 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Despite their complexity and limited general application, food webs have been used in successful restoration efforts (7,24,25) and manipulated at large scales to improve water conditions and recreational fisheries (20,26,27). At the same time, ill-advised manipulations have resulted in serious environmental problems [the introduction of opossum shrimp (Mysis diluviana) into freshwater lakes being a particularly pernicious example (28)].…”

Section: The Food Web As a Component Of Restorationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, contemporary evidence suggests that ecosystem structure alone does not necessarily reflect how it functions in supporting life. For example, field experiments in the US Pacific Northwest have shown that trophic manipulations (e.g., nutrient additions or salmon carcass introductions) that boost the abundance of potential prey organisms also boost subsequent fish growth (7)(8)(9)(10). In contrast, restoration of physical habitats by creating pools or adding structures yields ambiguous evidence that such efforts increase subsequent fish abundance and biomass (11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Developing a broader scientific foundation for river restoration: Columbia River food webs

Naiman

Alldredge

Beauchamp

et al. 2012

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

119

100

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Well-functioning food webs are fundamental for sustaining rivers as ecosystems and maintaining associated aquatic and terrestrial communities. The current emphasis on restoring habitat structure-without explicitly considering food webs-has been less successful than hoped in terms of enhancing the status of targeted species and often overlooks important constraints on ecologically effective restoration. We identify three priority food web-related issues that potentially impede successful river restoration: uncertainty about habitat carrying capacity, proliferation of chemicals and contaminants, and emergence of hybrid food webs containing a mixture of native and invasive species. Additionally, there is the need to place these food web considerations in a broad temporal and spatial framework by understanding the consequences of altered nutrient, organic matter (energy), water, and thermal sources and flows, reconnecting critical habitats and their food webs, and restoring for changing environments. As an illustration, we discuss how the Columbia River Basin, site of one of the largest aquatic/riparian restoration programs in the United States, would benefit from implementing a food web perspective. A food web perspective for the Columbia River would complement ongoing approaches and enhance the ability to meet the vision and legal obligations of the US Endangered Species Act, the Northwest Power Act (Fish and Wildlife Program), and federal treaties with Northwest Indian Tribes while meeting fundamental needs for improved river management.

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Section: The Food Web As a Component Of Restorationmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Developing a broader scientific foundation for river restoration: Columbia River food webs

Naiman

Alldredge

Beauchamp

et al. 2012

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

119

100

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show abstract

“…Whether through the application of liquid agricultural fertilizer, pelletized forms of slow release fertilizer, or even from the addition of sucrose as a source of nutrients, nutrient addition has often led to large increases in stream periphyton and benthic invertebrate abundance (Warren et al 1964;Johnston et al 1990;Slavik et al 2004). Effects on the abundance of salmonids have been detected in the form of increased growth and abundance in some instances (Ward et al 2003), but not others (Wipfli et al 2010;Harvey and Wilzbach 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioenergetic calculations evaluate changes to habitat quality for salmonid fishes in streams treated with salmon carcass analog

Keeley

Campbell

Kohler

2016

Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.

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Nutrient supplementation in oligotrophic streams is proposed as a means of mitigating losses of marine-derived subsidies from declining or extirpated populations of anadromous fishes. One of the central predictions of nutrient addition is an increased production of fish through bottom-up increases in invertebrate abundance. Such changes in food availability may increase growth and production rates for stream fishes by increasing habitat quality. In this study we apply bioenergetic calculations to estimate changes to habitat quality based on predicted increases in net energy intake. We compared invertebrate drift abundance and estimated changes in energy availability in streams treated with salmon carcass analog versus untreated controls. Our results revealed a two-to threefold increase in invertebrate drift abundance following the addition of salmon carcass analog; however, this effect appeared to be short-term. Measures of the energetic profitability of stream habitat for salmonid fishes revealed small, yet significant, increases in net energy availability in streams that received analog additions, but only after controlling for differences in physical habitat features such as temperature and stream flow.

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“…Some marine nlussels remove specific free amino acids at 40 nmol 1-' concentration during a single passage of water across the gill (Manahan et al 1982). Small experimental additions of dissolved organic carbon to stream ecosystems resulted in a disproportionately larger increase in secondary production (Warren et al 1964) and lake macrophytes are thought to strongly influence in situ oxygen demands via leachate release (Carpenter et al 1979). Wright & Coffin (1983) attributed the seasonal accumulation of many large bacteria in 3 northern Massachusetts salt marsh estuaries to increased availability of substrates and suggested dissolved substrates from Spartina alterniflora to be a reasonable substrate source.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus leaching rates from Spartina alterniflora salt marshes

Turner¹

1993

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Annual carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus leachate rates from live Spartina alterniflora Loisel in a Louisiana (USA) salt marsh were estimated to be 200, 14, and 3 g m-2, respectively, and to peak in summer and higher salinit~es. Leachate losses of P, N and C are equivalent to a turnover of live plant tissues of 10, 17 and 49 d, respectively, when submerged, and 148, 250 and 721 d, respectively, when unsubmerged. Plant leachate losses during marsh submergence and non-submergence are nearly equal because release rates are 15x greater during submergence. Nitrogen and carbon concentrations relative to phosphorus are proportionately 4 x higher in leachates than in live plant tissues. The amounts released are high enough to account for measured seasonal changes in the heterotrophic rates of the estuarine plankton community. Leachates appear to be an underappreciated yet significant nutrient and carbon source for salt marsh food webs, and of potential widespread significance for many other estuarine communities.

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Trout Production in an Experimental Stream Enriched with Sucrose

Cited by 164 publications

References 19 publications

Developing a broader scientific foundation for river restoration: Columbia River food webs

Developing a broader scientific foundation for river restoration: Columbia River food webs

Bioenergetic calculations evaluate changes to habitat quality for salmonid fishes in streams treated with salmon carcass analog

Carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus leaching rates from Spartina alterniflora salt marshes

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