Trout Farm Effluent Effects on Water Sediment Quality and Benthos

Abstract

Several water (dissolved oxygen, pH, ammonia-nitrogen, nitrite-nitrogen, nitratenitrogen, total phosphorus and orthophosphate) and sediment (organic matter, total nitrogen, organic carbon and phosphorus) quality parameters, as well as benthic macroinvertebrate communities were investigated monthly between May 2007 and November 2007 at a rainbow trout farm located on one of the sources of the Sakarya River in Central Anatolia. Water and sediment samples were collected from three stations, i. e., the inlet of the farm, which was a karst spring-originated pond, the outlet of the farm, and a location 200 m from the outlet of the trout farm, which has a capacity of 30 t annually. These water quality parameters were compared to the acceptable effluent limits proposed for trout farming in different countries. Ammonia-nitrogen, total phosphorus and orthophosphate were found to be higher than the acceptable effluent limits during the study period. Sediment quality parameters were also found to be higher than those at the inlet of the farm. The benthic macroinvertebrate community consisted of only Gastropoda (Limnaedae, Planorbidae, Neritidae and Pleuroceridae). Almost identical organism groups were observed at the three stations, and the highest abundance was found at the outlet of the farm during the study. Finally, as an indicator of damage to the environment, the biodiversity indices were generally measured at levels below 1 in all stations.

The Role of Environmental and Spatial Processes in Structuring Stream Macroinvertebrates Communities in a Large River Basin

“…One possible interpretation is that macroinvertebrates may experience larger variations of water conditions along the stream network than those through the overland paths. In both dispersal paths, we observed that COD and transparency were important environmental variables in structuring macroinvertebrates community structure, which was in accordance with previous studies [46][47][48]. This may indicate that COD is one of the most important pollutants in the Basin and has some direct or indirect effects on macroinvertebrates community.…”

Effect of the coupled action of ultrasonic waves and advanced oxidation reaction on the properties of bottom sediments originating from trout culture

“…(Table ). These values were considerably lower than data presented by Kirkagac, Pulatsu and Topcu (). Those authors stated that in sediments from a small culture of rainbow trout (30 t year −1 ), total nitrogen constituted ca.…”

Longitudinal evaluation of the impact of traditional rainbow trout farming on receiving water quality in Ireland

“…2G ) found in the present study and a range of 0.06–0.58 mgP/L increase found in another study where three different rainbow trout farms were investigated during one year ( Boaventura et al, 1997 ). Some other studies observed some increase from rainbow trout farms inlets to outlets for NH 4 -N ( Caramel et al, 2014 ; Guilpart et al, 2012 ; Kırkağaç, Pulatsu & Topcu, 2009 ; Lalonde, Ernst & Garron, 2015 ), BOD 5 ( Teodorowicz, 2013 ), total nitrogen ( Caramel et al, 2014 ; Lalonde, Ernst & Garron, 2015 ), total phosphorus ( Caramel et al, 2014 ; Kırkağaç, Pulatsu & Topcu, 2009 ; Lalonde, Ernst & Garron, 2015 ) and PO 4 -P ( Caramel et al, 2014 ; Guilpart et al, 2012 ). Furthermore, a significant decrease was observed in the present study at fish farms outlet compared to inlets for both DO ( P value <0.001) and pH ( P value =0.001) showing, as expected, (i) a global oxygen consumption due to fish metabolism ( Boyd & Tucker, 1998 ), and (ii) a production of carbon dioxide by fish with the consequence of lower pH value at the outlets ( Boyd & Tucker, 1998 ).…”