Tropospheric Scintillation with Rain Attenuation of Ku Band at Tropical Region

Elshami, Ibtihal Fawzi; Lam, Hong Yin; Din, Jafri; Elgayar, Ali l; Alhilali, Manhal

doi:10.12928/telkomnika.v16i5.10002

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…There are differences between scintillat ion and rain attenuation; scintillation leads to rapid fluctuation as soon as a turbulent atmosphere degrades the signal, while rain attenuation leads to slower fluctuation in signal strength. Scintillation is triggered by rap id temporal changes in the properties of the mediu m and geometry of propagation as well as variation in the spatial properties of the propagation mediu m or geomet ry [8]- [10]. Hence, it is necessary to differentiate between the effects of rain attenuation and scintillation.…”

Section: Scintillation and Attenuationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such results show that amplitude scintillation becomes more crit ical when rain fading is high. Other researchers have studied the relationship between scintillation and rain attenuation in the context of Ku-band satellite signals, finding that a thin-layer turbulence model is valid for studying signal scintillat ion [8], [9]. The turbulences effects related with rain events may be unlike for d ifferent climat ic regions.…”

Section: Scintillation and Attenuationmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Atmospheric Impairments and Mitigation Techniques for High-Frequency Earth-Space Communication Systemin Heavy Rain Region: A Brief Review

Seah¹,

Jong²,

Lam³

2019

IJIE

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Atmospheric effects such as gaseous absorption, rain attenuation, cloud attenuation and tropospheric scintillation are considered major impairments to terrestrial and earth-to-satellite signal transmission at frequencies above 10 GHz. The current demand for high-speed communication with larger bandwidths is the main reason for the interest in using the Ka and Q/ V frequency bands. However, these frequency bands could severely dimin ish the performance of systems [1]-[3]. In this respect, the carrier-to-noise ratio (C/N) and system availability, two aspects of primary system performance, are key parameters affect ing the quality of service (QoS). Atmospheric gases, rain, cloud, scintillation and depolarisation are factors that weaken the carrier power, while other factors, such as atmospheric gases, rain, terrestrial interference and surface emissions, increase the noise power of the system [4]. Atmospheric effects, especially rain attenuation, are expected to be more severe in tropical and equatorial climatic regions [5], [6] as these areas experience wet weather throughout the year. In addition, precipitation may cause occurrences of scintillation when a signal degrades during the rain events. This paper discusses and reviews previous work on propagation effects at future high-frequency bands such as Ka and Q/ V. The paper is structured as follows. First, the effects of scintillation are reviewed in Section 2, and then attenuation due to rain is discussed e xtensively in Sect ion 3. Section 4 presents a

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Section: Scintillation and Attenuationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Scintillation and Attenuationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atmospheric Impairments and Mitigation Techniques for High-Frequency Earth-Space Communication Systemin Heavy Rain Region: A Brief Review

Seah¹,

Jong²,

Lam³

2019

IJIE

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“…Rain attenuation and scintillation are generally recognized by observing a change of spectrum slope in power spectral density of signal variation [4-6, 13, 14]. In general, the effect of rain attenuation only exists at a much lower frequency, while the scintillation tends to appear towards higher frequencies [15,16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of concurrent ku band tropospheric scintillation and rain attenuation in Malaysia

Elshami¹,

Din²,

Lam³

et al. 2019

IJEECS

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<span>Tropospheric scintillation in satellite communication systems operating at frequencies over 10 GHz is a significant impairment, especially in tropical regions, as attenuation affects scintillation dramatically. This work concentrates on tropospheric scintillation in equatorial Johor Bahru, Malaysia, based on a one-year Ku-band propagation measurement study utilising a direct broadcast receiver and an automatic weather station. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between wet scintillation and rain attenuation using experimental measurements. The power spectral analysis has been carried out to determine required cut-off frequency of filtering to separate out rain attenuation and scintillation effects. The results can provide significant information on the fluctuations of wet scintillation at Ku-band earth space link in tropical regions.</span>

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“…Despite of the existence of many published works, such as those described in [17,18], the effects of soil structure are still being studied. The importance of considering an accurate soil structure, when computing the TL-human body interference level, and when designing a mitigation system against high induced voltage for the pipeline, is described in [19][20][21][22][23][24][25]. This work aims to determine the AC total interference between an overhead high voltage transmission line and human body, specifically, when touching nearby metal structure for various soil resistivities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Power transmission lines electromagnetic pollution with consideration of soil resistivity

Elgayar¹,

Abdul‐Malek²,

Othman³

et al. 2019

TELKOMNIKA

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The alternating current (AC) total interference of power lines may pose a threat to personnel and equipment in its vicinity. The main objective of this work is to determine the electromagnetic distribution and induced voltages on human body, equipment, and houses due to the AC total interference for different soil resistivities. The electromagnetic field and induced voltages may cause health problems to the human body and put it at risk. Two main approaches were used to compute the electromagnetic and induced voltages, namely the field approach, which is based on electromagnetic field distribution, and the circuit approach, which uses the circuit grounding analysis to compute the conductive interference and then uses the circuit based models to compute the inductive interference. Human body, steel houses and 10-km-long transmission line were modelled. The soil resistivity was varied, and the induced voltages obtained from both approaches were compared. Soil resistivity and soil structure are important parameters that affect the AC interference level. The results show that the touch voltage increases when the distance between electromagnetic source and human body increases. For high soil resistivity, the danger of the touch voltage becomes more prominent compared to that for low soil resistivity. Power system voltage level and soil resistivity are two key factors influencing the induced voltage level.

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Tropospheric Scintillation with Rain Attenuation of Ku Band at Tropical Region

Cited by 5 publications

References 9 publications

Atmospheric Impairments and Mitigation Techniques for High-Frequency Earth-Space Communication Systemin Heavy Rain Region: A Brief Review

Atmospheric Impairments and Mitigation Techniques for High-Frequency Earth-Space Communication Systemin Heavy Rain Region: A Brief Review

Characterization of concurrent ku band tropospheric scintillation and rain attenuation in Malaysia

Power transmission lines electromagnetic pollution with consideration of soil resistivity

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