“…Lithium ion batteries have been widely used in portable electronics (including mobile phones,l aptops, and digitala udio players), and are expected to be ap romisingp ower source in electric vehicles due to their superiore nergy density compared to other secondary batteries. [1] To meet the increasing energy density demands in large-scale energy-storage devices, research has been focused on new electrode materials with large capacityd ensity and long cycling stabilityf or the lithium ion battery.V arious transition metal oxides,s uch as Fe 3 O 4 , [2] Fe 2 O 3 , [3] Co 3 O 4 , [4] SnO 2 , [5] MoO 2 , [6] TiO 2 , [7] and Mn 2 O 3 [8] have been proposed as anode materials because of their high capacity or good cycling performance. Amongt he transition metal oxides, tungsten trioxide( WO 3 )w ith at heoretical capacity of 693 mAh g À1 offers unique advantages: av ery large volumetric capacityd ensity,5 274 mAh cm À3 ,d ue to its vast theoretical mass density (7.61 gcm À3 ), and lower cost.…”