Trichome‐borne and artificially applied acylsugars of wild tomato deter feeding and oviposition of the leafminer Liriomyza trifolii

Abstract

Oviposition and adult feeding of the leafminer Liriomyza trifollii (Burgess) (Diptera, Agromyzidae) on Lycopersicon pennellii (Corr.) D'Arcy and its F1 hybrid with Lycopersicon esculentum (Mill.) was significantly less than that on the cultivated tomato, L. esculentum. The resistance of L. pennellii and the F~ was reduced following rinsing of foliage with ethanol. Resistant attributes of L. pennellii were transferred to L. esculentum through appression of L. pennellii foliage to L. esculentum leaflets. Application of purified 2,3,4-tri-O-acylglucoses (the principal component of type IV glandular trichome exudate of L. pennellii) to L. esculentum significantly decreased feeding and oviposition on L. esculentum leaflets by 61-99~o. Therefore the principal mechanism of resistance to this leafminer by L. pennellii is the secretion of these acylglucoses. Dose response analysis of acylglucoses applied to L. esculentum shows that dosages as low as 10~o those found on L. pennellii provide large reductions (91 ~o) in leaf punctures and mines.

Resistance of tomato genotypes with high level of acylsugars to Tetranychus evansi Baker & Pritchard

“…The selected genotypes for high levels of acylsugars in populations BC 1 F 2 are promising in the breeding program, due to the results obtained in the resistance assays. It is presumable that the acylsugars act as resistance mechanisms of antibiosis type, complying with the results obtained by Goffreda et al (1989), Hawthorne et al (1992), Rodrigues et al (1993), Juvik et al (1994), Liedl et al (1995) and Pamplona (2001) for many arthropods- …”

Within tree distribution of a gall-inducing Eurytoma (Hymenoptera, Eurytomidae) on Caryocar brasiliense (Caryocaraceae)

“…The higher abundance of galls on the leaf lamina could be influenced by trichome density. Females may prefer to oviposit on leaf regions where trichomes are at lower density as reported for the leafminer Liriomyza trifollii (Burgess) (Diptera, Agromyzidae) (Hawthorne et al 1992). Lower oviposition and adult feeding by L. trifollii on wild tomato Lycopersicon pennellii (Corr.)…”

Evaluation of wild tomato accessions (Solanum spp.) for resistance to two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae Koch) based on trichome type and acylsugar content

“…Ample evidence links glandular trichomes, acylsugars and resistance to many arthropod pests including spider mite (Good and Snyder 1988;Maluf et al 2007;Saeidi et al 2007;Onyambus et al 2011;Lucini et al 2015), whitefly (Firdaus et al 2012, Lucatti et al 2013) and other arthropod pests (Maluf et al 2001;Resende et al 2006). Foliar application of acylsugars from S. pennellii LA716 reduces feeding of aphids Myzus persicae and Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Goffreda et al 1989;Rodriguez et al 1993) and sharply reduced oviposition and feeding of the leafminer, Liriomyza trifolii (Hawthorne et al 1992) and whitefly, B. tabaci (Liedl et al 1995). Lucini et al (2015) also showed that acylsugars hampered the mobility of the mite on the leaf surface, ultimately causing death.…”