Tri-modality cavitation mapping in shock wave lithotripsy

Abstract

Shock wave lithotripsy (SWL) has been widely used for non-invasive treatment of kidney stones.Cavitation plays an important role in stone fragmentation, yet may also contribute to renal injury during SWL. It is therefore crucial to determine the spatiotemporal distributions of cavitation activities to maximize stone fragmentation while minimizing tissue injury. Traditional cavitation detection methods include high-speed optical imaging, active cavitation mapping (ACM), and passive cavitation mapping (PCM). While each of the three methods provides unique information about the dynamics of the bubbles, PCM has most practical applications in biological tissues. To image the dynamics of cavitation bubble collapse, we previously developed a sliding-window PCM (SW-PCM) method to identify each bubble collapse with high temporal and spatial resolution. To further validate and optimize the SW-PCM method, in this work, we have developed tri-modality cavitation imaging that includes 3D high-speed optical imaging, ACM, and PCM seamlessly integrated in a single system.Using the tri-modality system, we imaged and analyzed laser-induced single cavitation bubbles in both free and constricted space and shockwave-induced cavitation clusters. Collectively, our results have demonstrated the high reliability and spatial-temporal accuracy of the SW-PCM approach, which paves the way for the future in vivo applications on large animals and humans in SWL.

Optimized Geometric Structure of a Rotational Hydrodynamic Cavitation Reactor

“…All of their contributions have promoted further understanding of cavitation. Although cavitation can cause many negative effects, including vibration and noise, damaging flow passage components, blocking flow channels, and reducing the efficiency of hydraulic machinery (Guan 2011;Wang et al 2022), it shows enormous potential in sewage treatment (Gagol et al 2018;Kosel et al 2020), medical treatment (Li et al 2021), new energy (Ghorbani et al 2017;Gevari et al 2019), water disinfection (Sun et al 2018) and cell disruption (Mevada et al 2019) on account of the considerable energy released when bubbles collapse. To make better use of cavitation, various cavitation reactors have been invented and applied in these fields.…”

Acoustic characterization of cavitation intensity: A review

“…Seventy years ago, cavitation intensity, as a self-evident concept, has appeared in the literature [36] . However, for a long time, a common and clear definition of cavitation intensity is rarely found, although chemical method [37] , [38] , [39] , acoustic method [40] , [41] , [42] , [43] , optical method [44] , [45] , [46] , [47] , [48] , mechanical method [49] , [50] , [51] , [52] , electrochemical method [53] , hybrid method [54] , [55] , [56] , [57] , [58] , [59] , [60] have been used to measure the cavitation intensity.…”