Treatment of energetic material contaminated wastewater using ionic liquids

Abstract

Extraction of energetic materials such as TNT, tetryl and picric acid from contaminated water by using ionic liquids is demonstrated for the treatment of energetic materials from several contaminated sources.

New Insight Into Ion Transport Through Dynamic Modulus Studies

“…The inset panel presents the thermogram of studied classical ionic liquid. T g of [C 8 MIM]­[NTf 2 ] determined in this paper is in good agreement with value reported in ref . Panel B presents the comparison between values of dynamic modulus determined from each of the discussed models.…”

Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity of Magnetic BaFe12O19 Nanoplatelets than TiO2 with Emphasis on Reaction Kinetics, Mechanism, and Reusability

“…A well-known HPLC analysis (USEPA 8330) method was followed for the analysis of RDX samples. 33 Acetonitrile and water in the proportion of 80:20 was used as a mobile phase at a flow rate of 0.5 mL min −1 . The stabilized pressure of the column was 24.3 MPa.…”

“…4,31,32 These compounds are very toxic to the aquatic environment and they also produce mutagenic effects on living organisms through the food chain. 4,33,34 As a consequence, the USEPA and WHO have put stringent standards for the presence of RDX in aqueous stream (0.035 mg•L −1 ) and drinking water (0.002 mg•L −1 ). The reported studies on degradation of RDX have used homogeneous and heterogeneous methods, but seem to be less practical.…”

“…RDX (hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5 triazine) is commonly used for the fabrication of space and defense related devices such as projectiles and munitions. ,, During the large-scale production of RDX, wastewater generated at munitions facilities mainly contain the nitroaromatics and nitramines. ,, These compounds are very toxic to the aquatic environment and they also produce mutagenic effects on living organisms through the food chain. ,, As a consequence, the USEPA and WHO have put stringent standards for the presence of RDX in aqueous stream (0.035 mg·L –1 ) and drinking water (0.002 mg·L –1 ). The reported studies on degradation of RDX have used homogeneous and heterogeneous methods, but seem to be less practical.…”

Antibacterial, Antifungal and Ecotoxic Effects of Ammonium and Imidazolium Ionic Liquids Synthesized in Microwaves

“…Kermanioryani et al [16] used [C4MIM][NTf2] for the extraction of methylene blue from aqueous solution with an efficiency of 91.3%. Extraction of energetic materials-(2,4,6 trinitrotoluene), RDX (hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5 triazine) and tetryl (2,4,6-trinitro-phenylmethylnitramine) from contaminated wastewater by a number of ionic liquids including [C4MIM][NTf2] was also studied [17]. Current status and future prospects of ionic liquid mediated technologies in wastewater treatment were reviewed recently [18].…”