Treatment of 1,4-dioxane and trichloroethene co-contamination by an activated binary persulfate-peroxide oxidation process

Abstract

The efficacy of a binary oxidant system, hydrogen peroxide (HO) and persulfate, was investigated for treatment of 1,4-dioxane (dioxane) and trichloroethene (TCE) co-contamination. Batch experiments were conducted to examine the catalytic efficiency of Fe and NaOH-based activation, oxidant decomposition rates, contaminant degradation effectiveness, and competitive degradation effects. For NaOH activation, the oxidant decomposition rate was moderate and sustained during the entire test period of 96 h. However, dioxane degradation was limited (~ 33%). Conversely, the oxidants were depleted within 24 h for the Fe-activated system, and dioxane degradation was complete within 4 h. The activation and radical generation processes were different between Fe and NaOH activation. Both dioxane and TCE underwent complete degradation in the co-contaminant experiment. The results of this study indicate that the Fe-catalyzed binary hydrogen peroxide-persulfate oxidant system is effective for oxidation of the tested contaminants separately and as co-contaminants.

Sucralose as an oxidative-attenuation tracer for characterizing the application of in situ chemical oxidation for the treatment of 1,4-dioxane

“…The concentration of persulfate was 6.5 mM based on results of our prior study. 7,37 The data measured for sucralose are compared to data reported for dioxane in our prior study. 7…”

“…7,37 The data measured for sucralose are compared to data reported for dioxane in our prior study. 7…”

“…[2][3][4] However, in situ chemical oxidation (ISCO) has been demonstrated to be effective for remediation of dioxane, with one alternative of particular interest being activated-persulfate oxidation. 1,[5][6][7][8] Determining the anticipated effectiveness of a proposed remediation project remains a critical yet difficult aspect of the planning process. For ISCO applications, it is desirable to estimate the expected magnitude of degradation and resultant decrease in contaminant mass and aqueous concentrations.…”

“…28,29 Furthermore, both sucralose and dioxane have been proven to be degradable via advanced oxidation processes, such as ozonation, activated hydrogen peroxide, and activated persulfate. 7,8,19,21,[30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37] Based on the similarity of chemical properties and correlated degradation behavior, sucralose has potential as a non-toxic abiotic oxidative tracer for characterizing ISCO treatment of dioxane in groundwater.…”

“…2–4 However, in situ chemical oxidation (ISCO) has been demonstrated to be effective for remediation of dioxane, with one alternative of particular interest being activated-persulfate oxidation. 1,5–8…”