Travelling magnetic fields applied to bulk crystal growth from the melt: The step from basic research to industrial scale

Numerical simulation of Czochralski crystal growth under the influence of a traveling magnetic field generated by an internal heater-magnet module (HMM)

“…Finding ways to reduce the required magnetic flux densities is a main goal of the project KRIST g MAG, see also Refs. [16][17][18]. As suggested in Ref.…”

Simulating Interface Growth and Defect Generation in CZT – Simulation State of the Art and Known Gaps

“…The main technical achievement in these models is the ability to accurately model the physics of CdTe and CZT in terms of heat transfer, including optical transparency, and to be able to couple two modeling scales in a selfconsistent manner. These models can include magnetic fields [11][12][13][14][15] and crucible rotations [16][17][18][19][20][21][22] and can be used to guide the furnace growth parameters to obtain a preferred flat or convex 1 growth interface for CdTe or CZT [23]. The use of continuum models has led to improved growth of CZT or CdTe crystals but the level of defects in even the best CZT crystals is too high, on average, to allow the routine production of high-resolution detectors [24][25][26][27][28] with theoretical energy resolution.…”

Numerical and experimental modeling of melt flow in a directional solidification configuration under the combined influence of electrical current and magnetic field

“…Possible problems can arise, like turbulent flows and the precipitation of impurities coming from the feedstock, crucible or furnace environment in poorly mixed areas. Magnetic fields are a powerful tool to control the convection in electrically conducting melts and, therefore, play a key role in the optimization of semiconductor bulk crystal growth processes [1,2].…”