Trapped in the underground economy: Syrian refugees in the informal labour market in Turkey

Badalič, Vasja

doi:10.1080/01436597.2023.2170224

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Turkey has managed mass migration through a policy transformation from protection to a mix of protection and social integration across the fields of education, health, working life, and housing (Mencütek et al, 2023;Ozcurumez & Icduygu, 2020). Many studies highlight that overcoming challenges of mass migration becomes more testing over time due to unregistered employment (Badalič, 2023), complex troubles in education (Celik & Icduygu, 2018), and housing (Balkan & Tumen, 2016;Kurfalı & Ozcurumez, 2023). These studies conclude that the hybridization of policies of protection with social integration has mixed effects on both the Syrians and local communities (Akar & Erdogdu, 2018;Icduygu & Simsek, 2017;Mencütek et al, 2023;Ozcurumez & Icduygu, 2020).…”

Section: Ma Ss Mig R Ation Governan Ce and S Tate Re S P Ons E Smentioning

confidence: 99%

Mass migration governance and openness toward refugees: Comparing Germany and Turkey

Erden,

Ozcurumez

2024

International Migration

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This study seeks answers to the question: ‘Under what conditions do communities with migration experience in refugee‐receiving states become more open toward accepting more refugees and why?’. The research seeks answers to this question by examining the attitudes of individuals (N = 37) from Turkey who have been living in Germany for at least a year and who have sufficient familiarity with the characteristics of governance of mass migration in both countries. The findings suggest that the respondents are more pessimistic about the consequences of Turkey accepting more refugees in the future, while they are optimistic about the outcomes of the arrival of more refugees in Germany. This study posits that receiving communities' perceptions about the host state's regulatory and institutional capacity in managing mass migration and integration of refugees shape their attitudes toward the possibility of the influx of more refugees over time. The findings indicate that efficient mass migration governance in a receiving state is identified through four characteristics: (i) admission of educated refugees, (ii) proper refugee registration procedures, (iii) systematic integration processes, and (iv) effective monitoring and law enforcement mechanisms. The study concludes that local communities view public authorities as the key actors in managing the consequences of mass migration and establishing and sustaining good mass migration governance at the receiving state level is likely to facilitate positive attitudes towards accepting more refugees.

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Section: Ma Ss Mig R Ation Governan Ce and S Tate Re S P Ons E Smentioning

confidence: 99%

Mass migration governance and openness toward refugees: Comparing Germany and Turkey

Erden,

Ozcurumez

2024

International Migration

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“…The second group of studies employed qualitative methods or conducted theoretical research. Generally, through the theoretical discussion or interviews, these studies underline Syrian refugees' impacts on the economic development of Türkiye (Badalič, 2023; İçduygu & Diker, 2017; Kayaoglu, 2020).…”

Section: Exploring the Literature: Türkiye's Economic Challenge With ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The prolonged dilemma: Refugees' impact on labour market in Türkiye

Demirkol

2024

International Migration

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Türkiye has a long history of hosting millions of refugees, but since the beginning of the Syrian civil war in 2011, it has emerged as the world's leading refugee‐hosting country. Due to this fact, the frequency of refugee inflows to Türkiye has attracted us to explore refugees' macroeconomic impacts as the ongoing political and social debates in Türkiye regarding refugees are immensely focused on their economic impacts. Hence, this paper investigates the effect of refugees on unemployment in Türkiye. The study utilizes the Auto Regressive Distributed Lags (ARDL) Bounds Test approach from 1991 to 2021. Our results yield the pronounced positive and aggravating impact of refugees on unemployment rates in Türkiye. Türkiye's policymakers should focus on local economic policies to improve the refugees' formal integration into the labour market to resolve the negative economic effect of refugee hosting on the labour market.

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“…In some cases, refugees actively opt for the informal economy, influenced by external factors such as institutional constraints and survival strategies rather than absolute voluntarism. Badalič (2023) argues that characterizing refugees’ choice to work informally as entirely voluntary is misleading, as regulations and capital owners significantly limit their options. Thus, the voluntarist theory falls short in explaining informality when external factors constrain choices, accenting the need for further investigation in these complex contexts.…”

Section: Conclusion and Policy Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Caught in crises: Syrian refugees in Türkiye’s labor market

Mohammed

2024

IJMHSC

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Purpose This study aims to analyze the factors driving Syrian refugees into the informal labor market in Türkiye despite the existence of regulations and programs to facilitate their integration into the formal labor market. Design/methodology/approach This study presents results from a literature review of secondary sources and primary data collection through semi-structured interviews with key stakeholders and Syrian refugees. Findings The study shows that the implementation of policies and programs to boost formal employment among refugees has yielded limited results. Many refugees continue to operate within the informal economy. This informality is due to various socio-economic challenges, including anti-refugee sentiments, geographical restrictions and economic crises. The 2023 twin earthquakes have further exacerbated the vulnerable situation of refugees, intensifying the difficulty of achieving self-reliance. Research limitations/implications The study’s drawbacks include a small sample size. This implies that the sample is not representative; therefore, results may lack generalizability. Practical implications The study’s findings could stimulate greater engagement in public policy, facilitate the management of public perceptions regarding refugees and provide support to the private sector, all to enhance the integration of Syrian refugees into the formal labor market. Originality/value This study addresses crucial areas previously unexplored, including the impact of economic and natural disaster crises on the labor market integration of refugees. To the best of the author’s knowledge, by investigating these factors for the first time, this study offers novel insights into their influence on refugees’ labor market integration.

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Trapped in the underground economy: Syrian refugees in the informal labour market in Turkey

Cited by 6 publications

References 24 publications

Mass migration governance and openness toward refugees: Comparing Germany and Turkey

Mass migration governance and openness toward refugees: Comparing Germany and Turkey

The prolonged dilemma: Refugees' impact on labour market in Türkiye

Caught in crises: Syrian refugees in Türkiye’s labor market

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