Trap state spectroscopy in CMR manganites and spinel manganates using opto-impedance

On the theory of high rate capability of LiMn2O4 with some preferred orientations: insights from the crystal shape algorithm

“…This is an important observation reached using the crystal shape algorithm and has to be reckoned with future research work on cathode materials for lithium batteries. While a change in the conventional method of synthesis alters the trap-state densities 15 and the particle size, 9 the crystal habit of the cathode material (here LiMn 2 O 4 ) only gets scaled with a change in the method of synthesis, currently available in the literature. Furthermore, the predominant orientation of LiMn 2 O 4 , synthesized through the different methods, is the (331) plane which is thermodynamically less stable than the (111) plane.…”

Antimony valence and the magnetization processes in the spinels (Cu)[CrSb]Se4

“…coexistence of ferromagnetism and ferroelectricity [1,2], complex spin order and spin dimerization [3][4][5], spin-orbital liquid [6], orbital glass [7], heavy-fermion properties [8], large magnetostriction and negative thermal expansion [9], giant magnetoresistance [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17], spin glass state [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28] and thermoelectric effect [29]. One has to admit that the giant magnetoresistance effect and spin glass state effect can be useful in the switching facilities and spintronics.…”

Synthesis Methods and Electrochemical Performance: A Theory on the Valence Disproportionation in LiMyMn2–yO4 (M = Mn, Co) with Interalia Guiding Principles for a Photo-Chargeable Lithium Battery

“…This is because the Jahn−Teller energy stabilization requirement drives the e g electron to undergo the charge transfer, increasing its threshold frequency to be emitted as a photo-electron. This explanation can address the lower photo-electron emissive efficiency in LiMn 2 O 4 with lower crystal quality, 29 and vice versa.…”

“…It will be interesting to cite here our earlier work where we reported that photo-electron emission in LiMn 2 O 4 is higher when the quality of the crystalline sample is high. 29 The usual explanation is that in high quality crystalline materials electron−hole recombination is less, and this leads to a higher photo-electron emissive efficiency. An alternative explanation, based on the models dealt with in this paper, can also be provided for materials such as LiMn 2 O 4 where lower quality means that the degree of randomness in the position of Mn 3+ and Mn 4+ ions is more.…”

“…Cathode materials prepared under different synthesis conditions (method of synthesis, − effect of precursor, calcination temperature, etc.) exhibit different electrochemical properties due to variation in their trap state structure, size, shape , effects, etc. The objective of this work is to contain all of these understandings under a general framework of valence disproportionation − and is schematically presented in Figure .…”