Transport Supply and Demand Changes in Relation to Unemployment: Empirical Evidence from the Czech Republic in a Time of Crisis

Marada, Miroslav; Květoň, Viktor

doi:10.1111/tesg.12186

Cited by 11 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Three studies further found that household car ownership increased employment probabilities of (low-skilled) youth (Painter et al, 2007), in particular when they had access to multiple household cars Perle, 1999, Perle et al, 2002). Similar associations have been found for the Czech Republic (Marada and Květoň, 2016) and among aborigines in rural Taiwan (Lin et al, 2014).…”

Section: Studies Using Individual or Household Car Ownership Measuressupporting

confidence: 83%

Does transport help people to gain employment? A systematic review and meta-analysis of the empirical evidence

2020

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The role of transport in providing access to employment has received considerable attention. Since transport policies may be motivated by assumed effects on employment probability outcomes, it is important to establish the nature of the relationship between transport and employment outcomes. While the majority of the empirical evidence suggests a positive association, it is not conclusive or consistent and often shows mixed results. To address this confusion, our study has systematically reviewed this evidence base and synthesised it through meta-analysis.We first identified 93 studies that quantitatively assessed the impact of transport on employment outcomes. By systematically merging the empirical evidence, this study establishes a positive association between transport and employment outcomes, with varying effects for four identified categories of transport measures (or combinations thereof): car ownership, public transport access, commute times, and job accessibility levels. This positive association persists in studies that control for endogeneity between transport and employment, but a larger evidence base is needed to establish a more robust relationship, in particular for cities and smaller (rural) areas outside the US-context and with regard to public transport.We then selected 20 methodologically comparable studies for inclusion in the meta-analysis. Our meta-regression models clearly demonstrate that car ownership significantly increases individual employment probabilities, in particular among welfare recipients. Young drivers benefit from access to household cars when these are not in use by their parents, and they are more sensitive to the time and cost implications of longer commutes. While our systematic review suggests that better access to public transport and higher levels of job accessibility increases employment probabilities, metaregression analysis requires more consistent transport measures. The findings in this study are important for policymakers in that they imply that job seekers may benefit from public policies targeted at improving their access to public transport, in particular for people without access to cars and in areas with fewer job opportunities.

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Section: Studies Using Individual or Household Car Ownership Measuressupporting

confidence: 83%

Does transport help people to gain employment? A systematic review and meta-analysis of the empirical evidence

2020

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“…The exponential function in this form assigns a weight of three quarters at a time distance of 9.3 minutes and a weight of one-tenth (10%) at a distance of 74.7 minutes. These values can be considered as corresponding to reality (Marada et al 2016). As this model case only deals with rail accessibility and train passengers are generally less sensitive to commuting time than car passengers, the halftime was rounded to 30 minutes for the regional model.…”

Section: Calculation Of Potential Accessibilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of potential accessibility models in decision-making on HSR routing: the case of Rapid Connections in Czechia

Randák¹,

Marada²,

Vrtiška³

2021

Auc Geographica

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The aim of this article is to discuss regional impacts of high-speed railways on transportation accessibility. It investigates the potential changes in the transportation accessibility of Czech municipalities due to the planned construction of high-speed rail lines in Czechia. It considers two currently discussed variants of the high-speed rail line between Prague and Brno. We discuss the model of potential transportation accessibility and discuss its usability in the preparation and construction of high-speed rail line structures, and how it would affect the optimal route selection. We also present different methods of accessibility analyses in GIS applied to the case of Czechia and their presentation through map outputs.

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“…On the other hand, compared to American urban environment, most European metropolitan areas have been focusing on developing public transport systems as part of their long-term poli-cies (for more differences, see Pickup and Giuliano, 2005). Many post-communist countries were still witnessing rather generous subsidies for their public transport systems in the beginning of the 1990s, but in recent years their modal-split structure increasingly resembles that reported in Western Europe (e.g., Pucher and Buehler, 2005;Taczanowski, 2015;Król and Taczanowski, 2016;Marada and Květoň, 2016). Thus, the growing dominance of individual transport has led to greater expansion of the motorway network in Central European post-communist societies, including Slovakia with its capital city of Bratislava.…”

Section: Spatial Mismatch Between Places Of Residence and Work And Imentioning

confidence: 99%

How will new orbital motorways reshape accessibility in Bratislava metropolitan area?

Ďurček

Nováková

Horňák

et al. 2020

Bulletin of Geography. Socio-Economic Series

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Dynamic economic expansion of metropolitan regions in post-communist central Europe induces dynamic traffic growth, which calls for new transport network solutions and improvements to existing transport infrastructure within the regions. This is also the case of Bratislava as the capital city of post-communist Slovakia, which has recently been facing new economic and urban development challenges. A booming labour market, intensive suburbanisation processes, traffic expansion and urban (re-)development bring new conflicts and demand for grand-scale transport projects. An ongoing upgrade of the motorway system in the region of Bratislava will result in the construction of a substantial part of an orbital motorway surrounding the southern and eastern parts of the city. The potential effects of the motorway network-upgrade projects on the city urbanism are probably immense. This paper attempts to evaluate the possible changes in accessibility within the road network after completion of motorway upgrading project D4/R7 in the metropolitan area of Bratislava. The interaction potential of both population and jobs was applied here to assess possible impacts of road network enhancement on accessibility of places of residence and of work.

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Transport Supply and Demand Changes in Relation to Unemployment: Empirical Evidence from the Czech Republic in a Time of Crisis

Cited by 11 publications

References 27 publications

Does transport help people to gain employment? A systematic review and meta-analysis of the empirical evidence

Does transport help people to gain employment? A systematic review and meta-analysis of the empirical evidence

Application of potential accessibility models in decision-making on HSR routing: the case of Rapid Connections in Czechia

How will new orbital motorways reshape accessibility in Bratislava metropolitan area?

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