Transplacentally transferred functional antibodies against Plasmodium falciparum decrease with age

Wilson, Patrick T.; Malhotra, Indu; Mungai, Peter; King, Christopher L.; Dent, Arlene E.

doi:10.1016/j.actatropica.2013.07.018

Cited by 12 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 34 publications

(45 reference statements)

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“…Seroprevalence of preerythrocytic-stage antigens were greater at week 100+ than they were at week 48 for both groups. After removing the antibody data from week 24 which may be affected by maternal antibodies, 2,4 among nonresistant children, the differences between week 48 and week ≥ 100 were significant for SLARP (27.9% versus 44.0%; P < 0.0001), LISP1 (17.1% versus 39.6%; P < 0.0001), and CSP (32.4% versus 41.2%; P = 0.003). Among malariaresistant children, these increases with time were of similar magnitude but were not significant likely due to the smaller sample size (Table 3).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…1 In areas of high transmission, the burden of severe malaria is greatest during late infancy, whereas mild malaria episodes occur throughout childhood. 2,3 The increased risk in young children has been ascribed to an underdeveloped immune response once maternal antibodies wane 2,4 ; however, the mechanisms of protective immunity are not yet clear. 2 While malaria infection and morbidity are highly heterogeneous in a community, even within areas of intense transmission, 5,6 no conclusive evidence exists that innate or naturally acquired resistance can prevent infection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Malaria-Resistant Phenotype with Immunological Correlates in a Tanzanian Birth Cohort Exposed to Intense Malaria Transmission

Nash

Prevots

Kabyemela

et al. 2017

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Malaria incidence is highly heterogeneous even in areas of high transmission, although no conclusive evidence exists that innate or naturally acquired resistance can prevent infection over an extended period of time. This longitudinal study examined immunoparasitological evidence for a malaria-resistant phenotype in which children do not develop malaria despite an extended period of exposure to parasites. Within a birth cohort followed from 2002 to 2006 in Muheza, Tanzania, an area of intense transmission, children ( = 687) provided blood smears biweekly during infancy and monthly thereafter. Maternal and childhood characteristics were obtained, cord-blood cytokines were measured, and antibody responses were assayed as measures of stage-specific exposure. Sixty-three (9.2%) children had no blood smear-positive slides over 2 years of follow-up (range: 1-3.5 years) and were identified as malaria resistant. Malaria-resistant children were similar to other children with respect to completeness of follow-up and all maternal and childhood characteristics except residence area. Antibody seroprevalence was similar for two sporozoite antigens, but malaria-resistant children had a lower antibody seroprevalence to merozoite antigens merozoite surface protein 1 (5.4% versus 30.2%; < 0.0001) and apical membrane antigen 1 (7.2% versus 33.3%; < 0.0001). Malaria-resistant children had higher cytokine levels in cord blood, particularly interleukin-1β. In summary, a subset of children living in an area of intense transmission was exposed to malaria parasites, but never developed patent parasitemia; this phenotype was associated with a distinct cytokine profile at birth and antibody profile during infancy. Further research with malaria-resistant children may identify mechanisms for naturally acquired immunity.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Malaria-Resistant Phenotype with Immunological Correlates in a Tanzanian Birth Cohort Exposed to Intense Malaria Transmission

Nash

Prevots

Kabyemela

et al. 2017

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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“…1,2 However, despite lacking NAI, the first months of life are marked by a low incidence of clinical malaria. 2,3 The low incidence of clinical malaria among infants has been hypothesized to be due to transplacental transfer of protective maternal immunoglobulin G (IgG), 4 although other studies have not supported these findings. 3 Similarly, the effect of breastfeeding on malaria risk during the first months of life remains uncertain.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Exclusive Breastfeeding and Clinical Malaria Risk in 6-Month-Old Infants: A Cross-Sectional Study from Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo

Brazeau

Tabala

Kiketa

et al. 2016

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. The World Health Organization recommends exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) for the first 6 months of life. However, the effect of EBF on malaria risk remains unclear. In the present study, 137 EBF infants and 358 non-EBF infants from the Democratic Republic of the Congo were assessed for fever and malaria infections by polymerase chain reaction, at 6 months of age. EBF was associated with a reduced risk of clinical malaria (odds ratio = 0.13; 95% confidence interval = 0.00-0.80), suggesting a protective effect of EBF against malaria.

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“…Wilson et al . showed that functional anti-malaria antibodies crossed the placenta, by assessing their functionality using the parasite growth inhibition assay [ 10 ]. However, another study showed a positive association between maternal antibody transfer and malaria incidence in the 1 st year of life [ 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Placental Malaria: Decreased Transfer of Maternal Antibodies Directed to Plasmodium falciparum and Impact on the Incidence of Febrile Infections in Infants

et al. 2015

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The efficacy of mother-to-child placental transfer of antibodies specific to malaria blood stage antigens was investigated in the context of placental malaria infection, taking into account IgG specificity and maternal hypergammaglobulinemia. The impact of the resulting maternal antibody transfer on infections in infants up to the age of 6 months was also explored. This study showed that i) placental malaria was associated with a reduced placental transfer of total and specific IgG, ii) antibody placental transfer varied according to IgG specificity and iii) cord blood malaria IgG levels were similar in infants born to mothers with or without placental malaria. The number of malaria infections was negatively associated with maternal age, whereas it was not associated with the transfer of any malaria-specific IgG from the mother to the fetus. These results suggest that i) malaria-specific IgG may serve as a marker of maternal exposure but not as a useful marker of infant protection from malaria and ii) increasing maternal age contributes to diminishing febrile infections diagnosed in infants, perhaps by means of the transmission of an effective antibody response.

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Transplacentally transferred functional antibodies against Plasmodium falciparum decrease with age

Cited by 12 publications

References 34 publications

A Malaria-Resistant Phenotype with Immunological Correlates in a Tanzanian Birth Cohort Exposed to Intense Malaria Transmission

A Malaria-Resistant Phenotype with Immunological Correlates in a Tanzanian Birth Cohort Exposed to Intense Malaria Transmission

Exclusive Breastfeeding and Clinical Malaria Risk in 6-Month-Old Infants: A Cross-Sectional Study from Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo

Placental Malaria: Decreased Transfer of Maternal Antibodies Directed to Plasmodium falciparum and Impact on the Incidence of Febrile Infections in Infants

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