Transparent conducting amorphous Zn–In–Sn–O anode for flexible organic light-emitting diodes

A study on crystallization, optical and electrical properties of the advanced ZITO thin films using co-sputtering system

“…Heo et al [8] not only grew the Zn-In-Sn-O film (not co-sputtering method) at the substrate temperature of 250 • C, but also applied in the organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). The Zn-In-Sn-O film was further used as a transparent anode in fabrication of the flexible OLEDs [9]. In addition, amorphous semiconductor Zn-In-Sn-O materials have been also employed as the active layers of thin film transistors (TFTs) due to its high mobility (>10 cm 2 /V s) and reasonable I on/off ratio (>10 6 ) [10,11].…”

Hydrogen-driven dramatically improved mechanical properties of amorphized ITO–Ag–ITO thin films

“…[13][14][15][16][17] However, it is difficult to apply polycrystalline TCOs in exible devices because of its low mechanical stability and grain boundary that can easily generate and propagate cracks. 18,19 For such reasons, many research groups have aimed to improve crystallization temperature [20][21][22] or stabilize oxide-free materials. 23,24 The use of TE in devices has been found to incur several problems.…”

Structural and Physical Property Studies of Amorphous Zn–In–Sn–O Thin Films

“…In addition, the need for low temperature processing to enable deposition on plastics for flexible electronics is driving research in amorphous ( a ‐) TCOs. Amorphous TCOs have electrical and optical properties similar to their crystalline counterparts, but exhibit lower surface roughness, improved interfacial contacts, and better mechanical properties …”