Transmission of Agent of Post-Transfusion Non-A, Non-B Hepatitis by Cryoprecipitate Prepared From Plasma of Symptomless Chronic Carrier

Tabor, Edward; Snoy, Philip; Rj, Gerety; Wickerhauser, Milan; Ménaché, D; Seeff, L. B.

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(83)91591-x

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…In the years leading up to the discovery of HCV, cohort (prospective) and case-control (retrospective) studies of persons with acute NANB hepatitis demon-strated specific risk factors associated with acquiring the disease that included transfusion of unscreened blood and blood products from infectious donors, illicit injecting drug use, occupational exposure to blood, sex with an infected partner (as measured by partner's history of hepatitis), and sex with multiple heterosexual partners. [3][4][5][6][7][8][9] These studies led to the conclusion that the etiologic agent of NANB hepatitis was both transfusionrelated and community-acquired. After the discovery of HCV was published in 1989, 10 retrospective testing of stored serum samples from these studies confirmed that HCV infection accounted for most parenteral NANB hepatitis regardless of the setting in which transmission occurred.…”

Section: Abstract: Hcv Epidemiology Iatrogenic Drug Use Sexualmentioning

confidence: 99%

HCV Routes of Transmission: What Goes Around Comes Around

Alter

2011

Semin Liver Dis

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The widespread availability of injectable therapies and increase in illicit injection drug use were responsible for the rapid emergence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in the latter half of the 20th century. Iatrogenic exposures and illicit injection drug use have been the predominant risk factors for HCV transmission worldwide. In developing countries, unsafe therapeutic injection practices appear to be responsible for most infections. In developed countries, donor testing has virtually eliminated transfusion-related infections, but infections transmitted to patients by unsafe injections practices is an emerging problem. Injection drug use is the major risk factor for HCV; incidence remains high among new injectors, and this behavior likely contributes to and/or confounds reported associations between HCV-positive persons and histories of noninjection drug use, tattooing, and incarceration. Increased use of illegal drugs also may play a role in the emergence of sexually transmitted HCV infections among HIV-positive men who have sex with men. Ongoing monitoring of the epidemiology of HCV infection is crucial for preventing future infections.

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Section: Abstract: Hcv Epidemiology Iatrogenic Drug Use Sexualmentioning

confidence: 99%

HCV Routes of Transmission: What Goes Around Comes Around

Alter

2011

Semin Liver Dis

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Hepatitis B Virus, Hepatitis Non–A, Non–B Virus and Hepatitis Delta Virus in Lyophilized Antihemophilic Factor: Relative Sensitivity to Heat

et al. 1985

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Lyophilized plasma derivatives are more stable to heat than when they are in the liquid state. Commercial Factor VIII (antihemophilic factor) was seeded with a measured quantity of hepatitis B virus. The contaminated material was then lyophilized and subjected to heat of 60 degrees C for 30 hr. Chimpanzees were inoculated with the heat-treated antihemophilic factor or sham-treated antihemophilic factor that had been held at 4 degrees C. Surprisingly, hepatitis B virus survived the heating procedure with no apparent loss in titer: the incubation period to appearance of HBsAg was that expected for the challenge dose of virus. Even more surprising, one chimpanzee (the recipient of the unheated antihemophilic factor) also developed non-A, non-B hepatitis and two chimpanzees (recipients of the heated antihemophilic factor) also developed delta hepatitis. Neither of these agents was a contaminant of the hepatitis B virus challenge pool, since the purity of this hepatitis B virus pool was established previously in chimpanzees. Thus, both a non-A, non-B agent and the delta agent apparently contaminated the commercial antihemophilic factor. This is the first direct evidence for contamination of antihemophilic factor with the delta agent and confirms previous seroepidemiologic evidence for its presence in pooled plasma derivatives. Subsequent inactivation studies were performed with antihemophilic factor experimentally contaminated with the Hutchinson strain of non-A, non-B hepatitis virus. In these studies, heating at 60 degrees C for 30 hr in the dry state rendered antihemophilic factor free of detectable non-A, non-B hepatitis virus.

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Hepatitis Viruses: Hepatitis C

Perumalswami

Klein

2014

Viral Infections of Humans

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Transmission of Agent of Post-Transfusion Non-A, Non-B Hepatitis by Cryoprecipitate Prepared From Plasma of Symptomless Chronic Carrier

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

HCV Routes of Transmission: What Goes Around Comes Around

HCV Routes of Transmission: What Goes Around Comes Around

Hepatitis B Virus, Hepatitis Non–A, Non–B Virus and Hepatitis Delta Virus in Lyophilized Antihemophilic Factor: Relative Sensitivity to Heat

Hepatitis Viruses: Hepatitis C

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