Transitions in pharmacy practice, part 4: Can a leopard change its spots?

Nimmo, Christine M.; Holland, Ross

doi:10.1093/ajhp/56.23.2458

Cited by 39 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…They placed higher importance on all professional activities illustrating that practicing in a professional environment has a positive effect on the attitude to professional practice. These findings support two criteria required for practice change suggested by Nimmo and Holland, the first being the need for an environment conducive to the desired practice and the other motivation 15. The motivational factor being present due to the prerequisite of the need for the pharmacy to be accredited for it to participate in the national reimbursement scheme.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

An assessment of community pharmacists attitudes towards professional practice in the Republic of Moldova

Cordina

Safta²,

Ciobanu³

et al. 2008

Pharmacy Practice (Internet)

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Pharmacy in Moldova is undergoing a period of transition. The professional practice is adjusting to a market-oriented economy from the previous Soviet system. The pharmaceutical sector has been liberalised giving rise to a significant increase in the number of community pharmacies. This has led to some adverse effects on the profession of pharmacy with pharmacists having considerable difficulties fulfilling their professional aspirations and possibly losing confidence in further developing their professional role.ObjectiveTo assess community pharmacists’ attitudes towards their professional practice and to determine their perceived competence in various pharmaceutical activities.MethodsA questionnaire which addressed managerial activities, dispensing activities, pharmaceutical care activities, inter-professional relationships, public health and competence was mailed to 600 community pharmacists who were asked to score the importance and perceived competence for each activity on a scale ranging from 0-5. In the case of pharmaceutical care activities, pharmacists were asked to score their degree of agreement or disagreement as to whether it is the responsibility of the pharmacist to engage in specific pharmaceutical care activities.ResultsA total of 370 valid questionnaires were returned giving a response rate of 61.7%. Managerial and dispensing activities were scored the highest both in terms of perceived importance and competence. The more innovative pharmaceutical care activities scored relatively low. Overall scores relating to the importance of pharmacists engaging in public health activities appear to be the lowest of the entire questionnaire. Younger pharmacists between the ages of 22-30 obtained significantly higher scores with regards to the perceived pharmacist’s responsibility in engaging in various pharmaceutical care activities. Respondents who practiced in an accredited pharmacy scored higher in the majority of questions.ConclusionPharmacists in Moldova appear to be deeply rooted in the traditional approach to the practice of pharmacy pertaining mainly to distributive practice model and are somewhat distant from the other models of practice such as pharmaceutical care, drug information and self-care.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

An assessment of community pharmacists attitudes towards professional practice in the Republic of Moldova

Cordina

Safta²,

Ciobanu³

et al. 2008

Pharmacy Practice (Internet)

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…[21,22] Even though the teaching materials and programmes were pre-developed by a professional educational institution, and the pharmacists participated in didactic seminars prior to the programmes, their pedagogical skills still often proved challenging. That the pharmacists succeeded very well as medicines experts is not surprising, as it is their core competence from their training at university.…”

Section: Discussion Of Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…That the pharmacists succeeded very well as medicines experts is not surprising, as it is their core competence from their training at university. [21,22] Even though the teaching materials and programmes were pre-developed by a professional educational institution, and the pharmacists participated in didactic seminars prior to the programmes, their pedagogical skills still often proved challenging. Interestingly, one of the reasons behind the pharmacists' willingness to engage in the programmes and the perceived effects were precisely to improve their teaching skillsskills that are only a minor part of the professional socialisation taking place during university training.…”

Section: Discussion Of Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Community pharmacists as educators in Danish residential facilities: a qualitative study

Mygind

El-Souri

Pultz

et al. 2016

International Journal of Pharmacy Practice

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Community pharmacists provide a resource to engage in educational programmes on medication handling in residential facilities, which may facilitate improved cooperation between community pharmacies and residential facilities. However, development of pedagogical competences and understandings of local settings are prerequisites for facilities and pharmacists to experience the programmes as successful.

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“…Such barriers may present problems in a practical setting. 31 The model was presented in 1999 as being 'ready for trial' but it appears that in the published literature at least, it has only been tested in a hospital pharmacy department. 32 In that setting, the model appeared minimally successful, with two of four pharmacists shifting their practice from distribution alone to service provision.…”

Section: Implementation Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implementing cognitive services in community pharmacy: a review of models and frameworks for change

Roberts

Benrimoj

Chen

et al. 2006

International Journal of Pharmacy Practice

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Objective To investigate models and frameworks for the implementation of cognitive pharmaceutical services (CPS) in community pharmacy. Method Relevant literature published in English was identified through searches of online databases (no date limits), texts, conference proceedings, and bibliographies of identified literature. Literature that involved a discussion of models or frameworks for community pharmacy practice change in relation to the implementation of CPS was selected for review. Many of the identified studies were conceptual in nature, and although they were selected in the same way as the empirical research papers, were not able to be critically reviewed in an equivalent manner. A narrative, rather than systematic review, was considered more appropriate. Key findings Many of the identified models focused on specific services, seeming to overlook the complexity of the implementation process. Many relied on behavioural theories, with an assumption that changing pharmacists' knowledge, skills or attitude will automatically result in successful change, often ignoring organisational aspects of change. Models that included business aspects remain largely untested, and where testing occurred sample sizes were generally small and populations conveniently or purposively sampled, limiting the generalisability of the findings. Conclusion The factors affecting change are more than just those confined to the individual pharmacist who is providing a service, and the implementation process is more complex, involving a range of organisational factors. Research is needed to identify the key elements of a framework for how new CPS should be implemented and delivered.

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Transitions in pharmacy practice, part 4: Can a leopard change its spots?

Cited by 39 publications

References 14 publications

An assessment of community pharmacists attitudes towards professional practice in the Republic of Moldova

An assessment of community pharmacists attitudes towards professional practice in the Republic of Moldova

Community pharmacists as educators in Danish residential facilities: a qualitative study

Implementing cognitive services in community pharmacy: a review of models and frameworks for change

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Transitions in pharmacy practice, part 4: Can a leopard change its spots?

Cited by 39 publications

References 14 publications

An assessment of community pharmacists attitudes towards professional practice in the Republic of Moldova

An assessment of community pharmacists attitudes towards professional practice in the Republic of Moldova

Community pharmacists as educators in Danish residential facilities: a qualitative study

Implementing cognitive services in community pharmacy: a review of models and frameworks for change

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Product

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An assessment of community pharmacists attitudes towards professional practice in the Republic of Moldova

An assessment of community pharmacists attitudes towards professional practice in the Republic of Moldova