Transient response of grounding electrodes for the frequency-dependence of soil parameters

Pedrosa, Adriana G.; Shroeder, Marco Aurelio O.; Afonso, Márcio Matias; Alípio, Rafael; Assis, Sandro de Castro; Oliveira, T.A.S.; Braga, A.R.

doi:10.1109/tdc-la.2010.5762982

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…

R = \frac{ρ}{2 π l} (\ln \frac{8 l}{d} - 1)

C = \frac{ε l}{18 \ln false(4 l / d false)} \times 10^{- 9}

L = 2 l \ln ()(, \frac{4 l}{d}) \times 10^{- 7}

Recent studies show that it is also important to consider both soil parameters, conductivity and permittivity, as frequency‐dependent, because soil behaves as brine or semiconductor. As described in [17, 18]

ρ = ρ_{0} {(\frac{100}{f})}^{0.072}

ε = false(2.34 \times 10^{6} false) \times ρ_{0}^{- 0.535} \times f^{- 0.597}

The results of the calculations are shown in Figs. 2 and 3, respectively.…”

Section: Frequency Response Of the Grounding Elements’ Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modelling and analysis of current and potential distribution paths for grounding devices

Chikarov

Lie

Nair

2013

IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution

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This study proposes and develops a mathematical formulation that helps to clearly understand the current and voltage distribution in the damaged and physically integrated horizontal elements of grounding systems. This realistic mathematical model of the grounding device with damaged elements will help to estimate the current and voltage distribution at the generating substation and will improve safety conditions for staff and equipment and reducing damages associated with equipment failures. It will also provide the basis for developing novel grounding integrity detection techniques.

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“…

R = \frac{ρ}{2 π l} (\ln \frac{8 l}{d} - 1)

C = \frac{ε l}{18 \ln false(4 l / d false)} \times 10^{- 9}

L = 2 l \ln ()(, \frac{4 l}{d}) \times 10^{- 7}

ρ = ρ_{0} {(\frac{100}{f})}^{0.072}

ε = false(2.34 \times 10^{6} false) \times ρ_{0}^{- 0.535} \times f^{- 0.597}

The results of the calculations are shown in Figs. 2 and 3, respectively.…”

Section: Frequency Response Of the Grounding Elements’ Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All these theories use different approaches: Maxwell equations solutions (electromagnetic theory) [14,19], transmission line model [15], antenna (full-wave) model [20] and circuit theory [16][17][18]21]. There are also some works with the experimental data [15,22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling and analysis of current and potential distribution paths for grounding devices

Chikarov

Lie

Nair

2013

IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution

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“…The influence of lightning phenomenon on the grounding system behavior has been widely studied in the last 10 years, as well as some factors affecting the grounding system behavior when lightning is happened [8]. References [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] investigated the performance of the grounding electrodes in homogeneous and heterogeneous soils under lightning influence. Some parameters were not considered such as the front time of lightning stroke, current peak of a lightning stroke, and the values of high resistivity of homogenous soil and the reflection factor of heterogonous soil.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A study on the influences of high soil resistivity on the behavior of the grounding electrodes affected by lightning strokes

Gouda

Dein

Yassin

2023

Preprint

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This article presents a study for the investigation of the impacts of the high soil resistivity of homogeneous and heterogeneous soils on the behavior of the grounding electrodes affected by lightning strokes when the soil ionization phenomenon is considered. Investigations are done on the performance of the grounding electrode when the soil resistivity is taken between 500 and 2000 Ω.m in homogeneous soil and for positive and negative reflection factors in case of heterogeneous soils. In the proposed model of this study for heterogeneous soils, it is taken into account that each layer of soil has its own resistivity and its own permittivity which are frequency-dependent. The field of the soil ionization around grounding electrode under lightning is investigated. The results are presented to understand the performance of the grounding electrode such as impulse impedance, grounding potential rise, front time of lightning stroke, the peak current of a lightning stroke, and type of grounding electrode and effective length of a grounding electrode. The transmission line approach with the aid of the (ATP) which is defined as hybrid approach is used to compute the transient performance of the vertical and horizontal grounding electrodes under lightning influence. The results are supported by the latest published articles to ensure its credibility.

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“…This suggested factor has to be investigated by the authors in the future. Damir Cavka et al [12], [13], Idir Djamel et al [14], Leonid Grcev [15], L. Grcev et al [16], Rafael Alipio et al [17], Adriana G. Pedrosa et al [18], and S. Visacro [19] studied the performance of the grounding electrodes in uniform soil when lightning current took place in the network. They considered the frequency impact on the surrounding soil in their researches.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of Grounding Electrodes Under Lightning Strokes in Uniform and Two-Layer Soils Considering Soil Ionization

et al. 2022

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This article presented the characteristics of the grounding electrodes in uniform and two layer soils when subjected to lightning including the impacts of soil ionization with frequency, soil resistivity, and permittivity variations. The critical breakdown field strength of two layer soils with different values of the reflection factors was presented. The transient probabilistic grounding potential rise and the transient impedances of the horizontal and vertical electrodes were investigated in uniform and two layer soils including the effect of soil ionization with frequency. Finally, the influences of resistivity and permittivity variations which have substantial impacts on the electric field at the occurrence of the soil ionization were considered. Moreover, transmission line approach (TL) with the aid of ATP has been used to compute the transient grounding voltages. The results indicated that the reflection factor has a significant impact on the equivalent radius of the grounding electrode. It is also observed that the peak values of the lightning induced voltages decreases sharply when the soil ionization phenomenon considering the variations in soil resistivity and permittivity with the stroke frequency changes. Furthermore, the impedances of the burial electrodes that have negative reflection factors were lower than that in case of positive reflection factors.

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Transient response of grounding electrodes for the frequency-dependence of soil parameters

Cited by 10 publications

References 10 publications

Modelling and analysis of current and potential distribution paths for grounding devices

Modelling and analysis of current and potential distribution paths for grounding devices

A study on the influences of high soil resistivity on the behavior of the grounding electrodes affected by lightning strokes

Performance of Grounding Electrodes Under Lightning Strokes in Uniform and Two-Layer Soils Considering Soil Ionization

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