Transforming vaccine development

Black, Steve; Bloom, David E.; Kaslow, David C.; Pecetta, Simone; Rappuoli, Rino

doi:10.1016/j.smim.2020.101413

Cited by 43 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Furthermore, the trend in past decades has been to require a growing and more complex number of clinical studies before approval. As a result, promising vaccine candidates that have established potential clinical proof-of-concept fail through the vaccine development pipeline [ 17 ].…”

Section: Timelines For Vaccine Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Overview of Vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 in the COVID-19 Pandemic Era

Pascual-Iglesias¹,

Cantón²,

Ortega-Prieto

et al. 2021

Pathogens

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The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 in late 2019 led to the COVID-19 pandemic all over the world. When the virus was first isolated and its genome was sequenced in the early months of 2020, the efforts to develop a vaccine began. Based on prior well-known knowledge about coronavirus, the SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein was selected as the main target. Currently, more than one hundred vaccines are being investigated and several of them are already authorized by medical agencies. This review summarizes and compares the current knowledge about main approaches for vaccine development, focusing on those authorized and specifically their immunogenicity, efficacy preventing severe disease, adverse side effects, protection, and ability to cope with emergent SARS-CoV-2 variants.

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Section: Timelines For Vaccine Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Overview of Vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 in the COVID-19 Pandemic Era

Pascual-Iglesias¹,

Cantón²,

Ortega-Prieto

et al. 2021

Pathogens

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Regulatory bodies from around the world have demanded that the number of clinical trials on corona virus-infected people be increased, as well as the testing of different vaccines. Before being approved for commercial use, these studies ensure that the final vaccine product is safe and effective for different population subgroups (30). The WHO has also used this dataset to better understand global vaccination access discrepancies, utilising this evidence to support recommendations for increased financial support for COVAX, a WHObacked worldwide project aiming at ensuring equitable access to Covid-19 vaccinations (31).…”

Section: Vaccines Against Sars Cov-2mentioning

confidence: 99%

Drug Discovery and Treatment of an Emerging Pandemic Infection Covid-19

Mishra

Das

2021

Journal of the Turkish Chemical Society Section A: Chemistry

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In the last decades, two serious coronaviruses have appeared in humans and animals, SARS-CoV (severe acute respiratory syndrome) and MERS-CoV (middle east respiratory syndrome) are also contagious viruses that causes ARDS stands for acute respiratory distress syndrome. SARS-CoV in 2003 and MERS-CoV in 2012 are characterized as a high mortality rate. This novel human respiratory coronaviruses, also known as SARS n-CoV or SARS-CoV-2, are needed to rapidly provide therapeutic options to reduce and prevent the spread of this outbreak. For such infections, there are currently no scientifically approved precautions or anti -viral products authorized.; therefore, effective remedial and preventive strategies have to be developed that can be easily applied to this newly emerging epidemic. In addition to all these, some therapeutic options are also being evaluated that are used for Covid-19, which includes inhibitory virus molecules or molecules that target specific replication and transcription enzymes. Since the drugs remdesivir, lopinavir-ritonavir, favipiravir, camostat mesylate, chloroquine, and hydroxychloroquine were originate closely stand high successful in controlling infection, Covid-19 looks promising. The research on Covid-19, discuss the efficacy of the several drug and vaccines against Covid-19 and previous outbreaks of SARS and MERS, and provide recommendations for new modes of treatment, assessment, and clinical research on such terrible epidemic. This paper will summarize and discuss the main biological characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 and the current scenario of emerging Covid-19 infections, as well as explain the current therapeutic medications treating Covid-19, based on the clinical trial data.

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“…The GHS Index Sociocultural behavioral traits 1.3 How behaviors could affect COVID-19 and why it could be a good predictor Keeping the spread of novel viruses, like that of COVID-19, within control is critical in the initial stages of a pandemic whilst waiting months or potentially years for a vaccine to develop (Black et al, 2020). Unlike economic indicators which fail to account for the massive time-lag between the spread of a novel virus to the immunization of its population, behavior does have a direct and immediate impact on the spread of any virus.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Sociocultural behavioral traits in modelling the prediction of COVID-19 infection rates

Alba

Mittal

2021

JHASS

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PurposeOver the past decades, many health authorities and public policy experts have traditionally relied on indicators that are dependent on a nation's economy, its health-care infrastructure advancements, and superiority in biomedical sciences and technology to predict potential infection rates should a health pandemic occur. One such commonly relied-upon indicator was that of the Global Health Security (GHS) Index. However, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has shown how such variables prove to be inaccurate in predicting the infection rates during a global health pandemic. Hence, this paper proposes the utilization of socio-cultural behavioral traits to predict a country's COVID-19 infection rates.Design/methodology/approachThis is achieved by proposing a model involving the classification and regression tree (CART) algorithm and a Poisson regression against the six selected cultural behavioral predictors consisting of individualism, power distance, masculinity, uncertainty avoidance, long-term orientation, and indulgence.FindingsThe results show that all the selected cultural behavioral predictors are significant in impacting COVID-19 infection rates. Furthermore, the model outperforms the conventional GHS Index model based on a means squared error comparison.Research limitations/implicationsThe authors hope that this study would continue promoting the use of cultures and behaviors in modeling the spread of health diseases.Practical implicationsThe authors hope that their works could prove beneficial to public office holders, as well as health experts working in health facilities, in better predicting potential outcomes during a health pandemic, thus allowing them to plan and allocate resources efficiently.Originality/valueThe results are a testament to the fact that sociocultural behavioral traits are more reliant predictors in modeling cross-national infection rates of global health pandemics, like that of COVID-19, as compared to economic-centric indicators.

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Transforming vaccine development

Cited by 43 publications

References 37 publications

An Overview of Vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 in the COVID-19 Pandemic Era

An Overview of Vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 in the COVID-19 Pandemic Era

Drug Discovery and Treatment of an Emerging Pandemic Infection Covid-19

Sociocultural behavioral traits in modelling the prediction of COVID-19 infection rates

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