Transformation of the herbicides propanil and chlorpropham by micro‐algae

John, Streeter; Wright, Laura; Maule, Andrew J.

doi:10.1002/ps.2780130305

Cited by 17 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…They are also ubiquitous in their distribution and are a vital part of nutrient cycles, involved in the fixation of both carbon and nitrogen. Much work on the ability of algae to degrade CPPs has been based on studies in pure culture [7][8][9][10][11], but the potential remains for such organisms to be involved in the environmental fate of CPPs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the potential for algae and macrophytes to degrade crop protection products in aquatic ecosystems

Thomas

Hand

2011

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Rates of pesticide degradation in aquatic ecosystems often differ between those observed within laboratory studies and field trials. Under field conditions, a number of additional processes may well have a significant role, yet are excluded from standard laboratory studies, for example, metabolism by aquatic plants, phytoplankton, and periphyton. These constituents of natural aquatic ecosystems have been shown to be capable of metabolizing a range of crop protection products. Here we report the rate of degradation of six crop protection products assessed in parallel in three systems, under reproducible, defined laboratory conditions, designed to compare aquatic sediment systems which exclude macrophytes and algae against those in which macrophytes and/or algae are included. All three systems remained as close as possible to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) 308 guidelines, assessing degradation of parent compound in the total system in mass balanced studies using ((14) C) labeled compounds. We observed, in all cases where estimated, significant increases in the rate of degradation in both the algae and macrophyte systems when compared to the standard systems. By assessing total system degradation within closed, mass balanced studies, we have shown that rates of degradation are enhanced in water/sediment systems that include macrophytes and algae. The contribution of these communities should therefore be considered if the aquatic fate of pesticides is to be fully understood.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the potential for algae and macrophytes to degrade crop protection products in aquatic ecosystems

Thomas

Hand

2011

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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“…There is little information available regarding the degradation of chlorpropham in microalgal species. John et al [14] investigated the presence of 3-chloroaniline in different microalgae and a cyanobacterium and showed that Ulothrix fimbriata, which belongs to the same phylum Chlorophyta as D. salina, did not produce 3-chloroaniline, in contrast to the blue-green alga Anacystis nidulans, which possessed the enzyme acylamidase. On the other hand, studies on potato tissues attributed the presence of 3-chloroaniline after chlorpropham treatment to the thermal degradation of chlorpropham during the fogging application [21], when extremely high temperatures (>300 • C) are used; high temperatures have been reported to trigger the degradation to 3-chloroaniline [22].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies on the metabolism of chlorpropham in algae are limited. To our knowledge, only John et al [14] investigated its degradation by a selection of green algae (such as Chlorella pyrenoidosa and Chlamydomonas, Ulothrix fimbriata) and blue green algae (Anacistis nidulans). Using colorimetric methods for detection of 3-CA, they observed that only A. nidulans transformed chlorpropham to 3-CA.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Cellular Uptake and Removal of Chlorpropham in the Treatment of Dunaliella salina for Phytoene Production

Mazzucchi

Harvey

2022

Marine Drugs

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Chlorpropham is a carbamate herbicide that inhibits cell division and has been widely used as a potato sprout suppressant. Recently we showed that the microalga Dunaliella salina treated with chlorpropham massively accumulated the colourless carotenoids phytoene and phytofluene. Phytoene and phytofluene are valued for their antioxidant, UV-absorption and skin protectant properties; however, they are present in very low quantities in nature. The low toxicity herbicide chlorpropham seems a promising catalyst to produce phytoene in large quantities from CO2 and solar energy with D. salina. This study explored chlorpropham uptake by the algal cells, the formation of potential intermediate metabolites, and the removal of residual chlorpropham from harvested D. salina biomass. Algal biomass rapidly concentrated chlorpropham from culture media. However, washing the harvested biomass with fresh culture medium twice and five times removed ~83 and ~97% of the chlorpropham from the biomass, respectively, and retained algal cell integrity. Furthermore, chloroaniline, a common metabolite of chlorpropham degradation, was not detected in chlorpropham-treated cultures, which were monitored every two days for thirty days. Cells treated with chlorpropham for either 10 min or 24 h continued to over-accumulate phytoene after resuspension in an herbicide-free medium. These data imply that whilst Dunaliella cells do not possess the intracellular capacity to degrade chlorpropham to chloroaniline, the effect of chlorpropham is irreversible on cell nuclear division and hence on carotenoid metabolism.

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“…21 The blue−green alga Anacystis nidulans can convert this herbicide to anilines. 22 Arthrobacter and Achromobacter species from soil are capable of mineralizing propham via aniline. 23 Many strains that are capable of metabolizing aniline have also been characterized.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Microbes are important in the degradation of agrochemical pollutants in the environment. − Several microorganisms that are able to hydrolyze propham have been identified from different environments. − The fungus Beauveria sulfurescens performs a specific parahydroxylation of the aromatic ring of propham . The blue–green alga Anacystis nidulans can convert this herbicide to anilines Arthrobacter and Achromobacter species from soil are capable of mineralizing propham via aniline .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of the Propham Biodegradation Pathway in Starkeya sp. Strain YW6 and Cloning of a Novel Amidase Gene mmH

Sun

Xin-hua

Chen

et al. 2019

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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We previously isolated a monocrotophos-degrading strain Starkeya sp. YW6, which could also degrade propham.Here, we show that strain YW6 metabolizes propham via a pathway in which propham is initially hydrolyzed to aniline and then converted to catechol, which is then oxidized via an ortho-cleavage pathway. The novel amidase gene mmH was cloned from strain YW6 and expressed in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3). MmH, which exhibits aryl acylamidase activity, was purified for enzymatic analysis. Bioinformatic analysis confirmed that MmH belongs to the amidase signature (AS) enzyme family and shares 26−50% identity with several AS family members. MmH (molecular mass of 53 kDa) was most active at 40 °C and pH 8.0 and showed high activity toward propham, with K cat and K m values of 33.4 s −1 and 16.9 μM, respectively. These characteristics make MmH suitable for novel amide biosynthesis and environmental remediation.

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Transformation of the herbicides propanil and chlorpropham by micro‐algae

Cited by 17 publications

References 13 publications

Assessing the potential for algae and macrophytes to degrade crop protection products in aquatic ecosystems

Assessing the potential for algae and macrophytes to degrade crop protection products in aquatic ecosystems

Evaluation of Cellular Uptake and Removal of Chlorpropham in the Treatment of Dunaliella salina for Phytoene Production

Characterization of the Propham Biodegradation Pathway in Starkeya sp. Strain YW6 and Cloning of a Novel Amidase Gene mmH

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