“…One explanation may lie in the nature of rumination which, as pointed out by Watkins (2008), is not necessarily only dysfunctional. Different (dys)functional modes of ruminative thinking seem to exist that could be considered an appropriate mode of cognitive processing under specific circumstances: These pertain to different content and perspectives of ruminations (Ayduk and Kross, 2009; Kross, Ayduk and Mischel, 2005; Maria, Reichert, Hummel and Ehring, 2012) or the identification of emotion-specific facets or further moderating factors (Siewert, Kubiak, Jonas and Weber, 2011). For instance, in a recent EMA study, Huffziger, Ebner-Priemer, Koudela, Reinhard and Kuehner (2012) examined the effect of experimentally induced modes of rumination on momentary affect and found that particularly self-focused as opposed to distanced rumination led to a sustained decrease of positive affect.…”