Tradeoffs between homing and habitat quality for spawning site selection by hatchery-origin Chinook salmon

Cram, Jeremy M.; Torgersen, Christian E.; Klett, Ryan S.; Pess, George R.; May, Darran; Pearsons, Todd N.; Dittman, Andrew H.

doi:10.1007/s10641-012-0026-1

Cited by 29 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Although the probability of breeding site use did increase in an upstream direction, the influence was relatively weak. This suggests the possibility that females are not simply homing to natal locations to reproduce within the system we studied, but exhibit some degree of localized movement and selective behaviors (Cram et al 2013). Alternatively, it is plausible that females select breeding sites based on habitat features tied to more immediate factors that influence fitness, such as prebreeding survival, breeding, and incubation of eggs and alevins (Table 1).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The evolution of natal homing, particularly in females, presumably allows them to return to locations with suitable conditions for reproduction (Cury 1994). Once within a natal location, females often exhibit some degree of localized movement (Neville et al 2007;Keefer and Caudill 2014), which may represent the process of local habitat selection (e.g., Cram et al 2013). If such is the case, breeding site selection by female salmon should be predictably linked to features that can influence their fitness.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Breeding site selection by coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) in relation to large wood additions and factors that influence reproductive success

Clark

Dunham

McEnroe

et al. 2014

Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.

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The fitness of female Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.) with respect to breeding behavior can be partitioned into at least four fitness components: survival to reproduction, competition for breeding sites, success of egg incubation, and suitability of the local environment near breeding sites for early rearing of juveniles. We evaluated the relative influences of habitat features linked to these fitness components with respect to selection of breeding sites by coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch). We also evaluated associations between breeding site selection and additions of large wood, as the latter were introduced into the study system as a means of restoring habitat conditions to benefit coho salmon. We used a model selection approach to organize specific habitat features into groupings reflecting fitness components and influences of large wood. Results of this work suggest that female coho salmon likely select breeding sites based on a wide range of habitat features linked to all four hypothesized fitness components. More specifically, model parameter estimates indicated that breeding site selection was most strongly influenced by proximity to pool-tail crests and deeper water (mean and maximum depths). Linkages between large wood and breeding site selection were less clear. Overall, our findings suggest that breeding site selection by coho salmon is influenced by a suite of fitness components in addition to the egg incubation environment, which has been the emphasis of much work in the past.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breeding site selection by coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) in relation to large wood additions and factors that influence reproductive success

Clark

Dunham

McEnroe

et al. 2014

Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.

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“…Preliminary tag-based research on sub-lethal exposure to an insecticide corroborates this hypothesis, in that homing success was lower for exposed Pacific salmon relative to controls (Scholz et al 2000). Similarly, higher straying rates among localized stream reaches were observed when conditions at the natal site were less favorable (Dittman et al 2010;Cram et al 2013). A recent review of homing behaviour in anadromous salmonids indicates that environmental conditions influence attraction to non-natal sites and that any chemicals interfering with olfactory imprinting or sensory development would be expected to increase the incidence of straying as well as to influence adult habitat choice (Keefer and Caudill 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Applying landscape genetics to evaluate threats affecting endangered Atlantic salmon populations

2016

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Landscape genetics affords a potential analysis framework to evaluate the effect of contemporary land use on endangered species at a population level. However, historical patterns of population connectivity need to be accounted for prior to testing for the contemporary effect of threats. The goals of this study were to (1) optimally describe historical patterns in population connectivity for a diadromous fish species before (2) evaluating whether residual genetic variation was correlated with ecological changes arising from several types of land use. Using endangered Atlantic salmon populations as a case study, we evaluated whether historical patterns in population connectivity were more likely to result from dispersal limitation (isolation by distance) relative to habitat choice and reproductive success (isolation by environment). Second, we used Reciprocal Causal Modeling to identify the types of land use contributing to three threat indices, and subsequently Multiple Regression on Distance Matrices to evaluate the relative severity of each. These analyses suggest that straying Atlantic salmon avoid watersheds with reduced water quality (resulting from acidification and abandoned mines) and higher road density, yet are not responding to watershed fragmentation (from road-river crossings and dams) at a population level. This study is among the first to explicitly compare alternate behavioural hypotheses leading to dispersal patterns for diadromous fishes and to quantitatively assess freshwater threats for Atlantic salmon at a population level using landscape genetics.

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“…While considerable efforts are under way to restore habitat conditions in the Teanaway River basin, fish migration remains limited or blocked in some years due to low-flow barriers (see http://www.washingtonwatertrust.org/teanaway-river). Physical and environmental factors such as flow, depth, gradient, substrate size, cover, temperature, and groundwater influences affect spawning site selection (reviewed in Quinn 2005;Beechie et al 2008;Cram et al 2013). Thus, the homing differences reported by Dittman et al (2010), especially those for Jack Creek fish, are likely due to environmental factors and may indicate that the need to find appropriate spawning habitat sometimes overrides the fish's native homing instincts (Cram et al 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Physical and environmental factors such as flow, depth, gradient, substrate size, cover, temperature, and groundwater influences affect spawning site selection (reviewed in Quinn 2005;Beechie et al 2008;Cram et al 2013). Thus, the homing differences reported by Dittman et al (2010), especially those for Jack Creek fish, are likely due to environmental factors and may indicate that the need to find appropriate spawning habitat sometimes overrides the fish's native homing instincts (Cram et al 2013). Dittman et al (2010) also reported that hatchery-and naturalorigin fish had similar spawning site distributions in the upper Yakima River basin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Synthesis of Findings from an Integrated Hatchery Program after Three Generations of Spawning in the Natural Environment

et al. 2015

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The Cle Elum Supplementation and Research Facility in the Yakima River basin, Washington, is an integrated spring Chinook Salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha hatchery program designed to test whether artificial propagation can increase natural production and harvest opportunities while keeping ecological and genetic impacts within acceptable limits. Only natural‐origin (naturally spawned) fish are used for hatchery broodstock. Spawning, incubation, and early rearing occur at a central facility; presmolts are transferred for final rearing, acclimation, and volitional release at sites adjacent to natural spawning areas, where returning adults can spawn with natural‐origin fish. The first wild broodstock were collected in 1997, and age‐4 adults have returned to the Yakima River since 2001. An unsupplemented population in the adjacent Naches River watershed provides a reference for evaluating environmental influences. The program has been comprehensively monitored from its inception. A synthesis of findings, many already published, is as follows: supplementation increased the harvest, redd counts, and spatial distribution of spawners; natural‐origin returns were maintained; straying to nontarget systems was negligible; natural‐origin females had slightly higher breeding success (production of surviving fry) in an artificial spawning channel, while the behavior and breeding success of natural‐ and hatchery‐origin males were similar; hatchery‐origin fish showed differences in morphometric and life history traits; high rates of hatchery age‐2 (minijack) production were reported, but the observed proportions of out‐migrating juvenile and adult (ages 4 and 5) returning males were comparable for hatchery‐ and natural‐origin fish; hatchery smolts did not affect the levels of pathogens in natural smolts; and the ecological interactions attributed to the program were within adopted guidelines. Continued study is required to assess the long‐term impacts on natural production and productivity.

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Tradeoffs between homing and habitat quality for spawning site selection by hatchery-origin Chinook salmon

Cited by 29 publications

References 37 publications

Breeding site selection by coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) in relation to large wood additions and factors that influence reproductive success

Breeding site selection by coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) in relation to large wood additions and factors that influence reproductive success

Applying landscape genetics to evaluate threats affecting endangered Atlantic salmon populations

A Synthesis of Findings from an Integrated Hatchery Program after Three Generations of Spawning in the Natural Environment

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