“…Shinyanga region is selected because it has diverse of economic activities. Specifically, the region is not only one of the country's prime agricultural regions noted for production of rice, tobacco and maize (Deus, Magreth & William, 2014); but also, among the leading regions in Artisanal and Small-scale Mining activities (ASM) (Mutagwaba, Tindyebwa, Makanta, Kaballega, & Maeda, 2018). Due to this, local activities and challenges are easily evident.…”