Tracking of plasma antibodies againstAggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitansandPorphyromonas gingivalisduring 15 years

Abstract

Background Plasma antibody measurements of antibody levels to periodontal pathogens may be used to support diagnosis, disease activity, classification, and prognosis of periodontitis.Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the long-term stability of plasma antibody levels against Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and Porphyromonas gingivalis.Design Plasma immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody levels against the pathogens were analyzed annually during 15 years from 21 voluntary subjects, whose periodontal status was not known at the point of selection. The total number of plasma samples was 315. In connection of the last sampling, the clinical and radiographic periodontal status was examined. Pooled bacterial samples from periodontal pockets, as well as salivary samples were collected for A. actinomycetemcomitans and P. gingivalis detection, and antibody determinations, respectively. According to the clinical status, six subjects had periodontitis, whereas 15 did not.Results Plasma IgG-class antibody levels to periodontal pathogens remained extremely stable during the 15-year period and no significant (p>0.05) intra-individual variations were observed. Retrospectively, the average plasma IgG antibody levels against A. actinomycetemcomitans and P. gingivalis were 1.6–2.3 (p<0.05) and 1.4–1.7 (p<0.05) fold higher in the subjects with periodontitis than those without, respectively, during the whole 15-year tracking. As expected, at the time of the periodontal examination the plasma and salivary IgG antibody levels were associated both with periodontitis and bacterium-positivity.ConclusionsPlasma IgG levels against A. actinomycetemcomitans and P. gingivalis are extremely stable during 15 years both in subjects with and without periodontitis.

Immunoglobulin G antibodies againstPorphyromonas gingivalisorAggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitansin cardiovascular disease and periodontitis

“…Blood levels of antibodies to periodontal bacteria associated with periodontitis are stable over time [24,25], and do not change significantly following treatment [26]. However, the composition of periodontal biofilm may display variations according to the state of the disease [24–26].…”

Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans –induced hypercitrullination links periodontal infection to autoimmunity in rheumatoid arthritis

“…Anti- Aa antibodies in patients with periodontitis show only minimal variation in titer over 15 years of follow up (19). Even with periodontal treatment, antibodies against Aa were shown to remain elevated over the duration of a 30-month period (20).…”

Periodontopathogens antibodies and major adverse events following an acute myocardial infarction: results from the French Registry of Acute ST-Elevation and Non-ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (FAST-MI)

“…In contrast, no difference was found between groups for IgA class antibody levels. It has been shown that serum levels of IgG are not associated with periodontal disease activity, and IgG titres to periodontal bacteria remain elevated and stable over time,31 32 whereas serum levels of IgA seem to be linked to periodontal disease destruction and have a short life. The present study indicates original CV events are associated with a high exposure to periodontal bacteria and a strong humoral response, contrary to following events which seem to be characterised by a weak antibody response 33.…”