Immunoglobulin G antibodies against<i>Porphyromonas gingivalis</i>or<i>Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans</i>in cardiovascular disease and periodontitis

Damgaard, Christian; Reinholdt, Jesper; Enevold, Christian; Fiehn, Nils‐Erik; Nielsen, Claus Henrik; Holmstrup, Palle

doi:10.1080/20002297.2017.1374154

Cited by 31 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…One marker for SLE is higher IgG CMV levels due to higher risk of infection. 29 Our study also found higher IgG CMV levels, and other systemic conditions such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and rheumatoid arthritis. 25,30 It is believed that IgG CMV levels are hallmarks of apoptosis and tissue damage also.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

“…Another study found IgG associated with bacterial periodontitis directly, resulting in a higher prevalence of periodontitis. 29,31 This study also found that IgG CMV levels played a critical role in the regulation of host immune response and inflammation. This pathway can be modulated by various stimuli, including cytokines and immune cells themselves.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

“…Infection could induce abnormal cytokine and immune responses, and explain higher IgG CMV in SLE periodontitis as interplay. 28,29 Recent literature is available regarding lymphocytes analysis associated with an inverted CD4/CD8 ratio less than 1. Normally, CD4/CD8 ratio is higher than 1 in physiologic conditions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Role of Lymphocytes CD4/CD8 Ratio and Immunoglobulin G Cytomegalovirus as Potential Markers for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients with Periodontal Disease

et al. 2020

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Objectives The aim of the study was to analyze the correlation between periodontitis severity in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) with CD4/CD8 lymphocytes ratio and cytomegalovirus gamma immunoglobulin (IgG CMV) level. Materials and Methods This is a descriptive study using a cross-sectional approach that included 93 subjects who were diagnosed with SLE in Rheumatology Department, Saiful Anwar Hospital, during 2017 to 2019. Periodontitis severity was assessed by periodontal Index (PI). CD4/CD8 lymphocyte ratio was determined using flow cytometry and IgG CMV levels using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Statistical Analysis The differences among the three groups were analyzed using analysis of variance. Correlation among the groups was calculated using Spearman/Pearson correlation coefficient test, while regression analysis was done using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences. Results The mean of periodontitis severity and standard deviation in SLE was 2.66 ± 1.02. There were negative correlation between CD4/CD8 lymphocyte ratio with periodontal index (r = –0.971) and positive correlation between IgG CMV level with periodontal index (r = 0.977). Conclusions Inverted CD4/CD8 ratio and IgG CMV were found associated with periodontitis severity in SLE patient. Further research was recomended that CD4/CD8 lymphocytes ratio and IgG CMV can be used as a potensial marker of periodontitis severity in SLE patients

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

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Role of Lymphocytes CD4/CD8 Ratio and Immunoglobulin G Cytomegalovirus as Potential Markers for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients with Periodontal Disease

et al. 2020

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“…A recent study showed that serum IgG antibodies against periodontal pathogens serve as potential biomarkers that can be used to determine the risk factors for systemic diseases (15,16). Univariable logistic regression analyses have shown serum IgG levels against P. gingivalis to be associated with cardiovascular disease (15).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification and Modification of Porphyromonas gingivalis Cysteine Protease, Gingipain, Ideal for Screening Periodontitis

et al. 2020

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Chronic periodontitis is an inflammatory disease caused by the formation of oral microbial biofilms. Periodontitis is associated with general health and not only oral diseases. Porphyromonas gingivalis is a well-known keystone pathogen for periodontitis and is associated with several systemic diseases, such as diabetes mellitus and Alzheimer's disease. We previously developed a system for screening periodontitis using P. gingivalis-specific serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with a sensitivity of 0.774 and a specificity of 0.586 and an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.708. However, the antigens elicited non-specific responses, since they were obtained from whole extracts of sonicated cultured bacteria. The purpose of this study was to identify antigens ideal for a sensitive and specific serum test. We identified the specific antigens using immunoaffinity columns immobilized with IgG antibodies from periodontitis patients. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry identified 29 antigens from the elutes. Recombinant proteins for these candidates were synthesized using the wheat germ cell-free translation system and screened by dot blot analysis with serum from the columns. Three of the 16 candidates that reacted showed strongest affinities upon dot blot analysis; they included outer membrane protein 28, cysteine proteases, lysine gingipain Kgp, and arginine gingipain RgpA. Outer membrane protein 28 was not suitable for screening P. gingivalis infection because of its high false-negative rates. Kgp and RgpA were unstable antigens since they underwent self-digestion. They were made stable by substituting the active cysteine residues in Kgp and RgpA with alanine using site-directed mutagenesis. Using the modified antigens, we demonstrated that the patient serum IgG level against RgpA was the highest among all the antigens expressed in P. gingivalis. Moreover, the N-terminus of recombinant RgpA was excellent in differentiating between diseased and non-diseased states (with sensitivity of 0.85, specificity of 0.9, and area under the curve of 0.915). Although dot blot analysis was the only experiment used, the N-terminus of RgpA is an excellent antigen to immunologically test for P. gingivalis infection, especially for estimating the risks for periodontitis-associated systemic diseases. In conclusion, we have developed a P. gingivalis antigen for screening periodontitis.

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“…(36) In addition, cardiovascular disease (CVD) and periodontitis are associated with levels of IgG to P. gingivalis. (37) P. gingivalis IgA levels also predict myocardial infarction and stroke independently of established CVD risk factors. (38) A significant correlation between fibrosis progression and P. gingivalis IgG titers has been reported in a study evaluating the effect of P. gingivalis infection as a risk factor in the progression of NASH.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Porphyromonas gingivalis as a Possible Risk Factor in the Development/Severity of Acute Alcoholic Hepatitis

et al. 2018

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Bacterial infection is frequently observed in patients with alcoholic liver disease (ALD). We examined a possible role of Porphyromonas gingivalis in the development/progression and severity of disease in patients with acute alcoholic hepatitis (AAH). Plasma specimens from 47 patients with AAH (16 moderate, Model for End‐Stage Liver Disease [MELD] score <20]; 31 severe, MELD score >20) and 22 healthy controls (HCs) were collected. Clinical, drinking history (lifetime drinking history [LTDH]), and demographic data were collected. Antibody tests for immunoglobulin (Ig) G, IgM, and IgA against two P. gingivalis strains were performed. Between‐group comparisons and within‐group association analyses were carried out. Patients with severe AAH showed significantly higher plasma levels of IgG, IgA, and IgM against two P. gingivalis strains (W83 and 33277) compared to HCs. Patients with moderate AAH also had significantly elevated anti‐P. gingivalis IgA concentrations for both strains compared to HCs. Male patients with moderate AAH showed a significant inverse association in LTDH and anti‐P. gingivalis IgM. The aspartate aminotransferase:alanine aminotransferase ratio was positively associated with IgM of both strains in male patients with moderate AAH. Female patients with severe AAH showed a significant association between MELD scores and W83 IgM. Conclusion: Antibody response to P. gingivalis in AAH is elevated. Significantly elevated plasma anti‐P. gingivalis IgG, IgA, and IgM in severe AAH provide preliminary data that P. gingivalis could be a novel risk factor in the development/severity of AAH.

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Immunoglobulin G antibodies againstPorphyromonas gingivalisorAggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitansin cardiovascular disease and periodontitis

Cited by 31 publications

References 48 publications

Role of Lymphocytes CD4/CD8 Ratio and Immunoglobulin G Cytomegalovirus as Potential Markers for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients with Periodontal Disease

Role of Lymphocytes CD4/CD8 Ratio and Immunoglobulin G Cytomegalovirus as Potential Markers for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients with Periodontal Disease

Identification and Modification of Porphyromonas gingivalis Cysteine Protease, Gingipain, Ideal for Screening Periodontitis

Porphyromonas gingivalis as a Possible Risk Factor in the Development/Severity of Acute Alcoholic Hepatitis

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