Trace elements and some extracellular antioxidant proteins levels in serum of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus

Abstract

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic progressive autoimmune disorder with a wide spectrum of clinical and immunological abnormalities. In this study, we aimed to investigate the levels of serum zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), ceruloplasmin (Cp), transferrin (Trf), and albumin (Alb) in SLE and whether it is related to the severity of the clinical condition of this chronic disease. Cp and Cu levels were higher, while Trf, Alb, Zn, Mg, Mn, and Fe levels were lower in serum of patients with SLE (n = 27) compared with healthy controls (n = 20). The mechanisms by which these alterations occur in certain inflammatory conditions need to be elucidated. It is also obscure whether these alterations are a cause or a consequence of the inflammation. As a conclusion, alterations in the levels of the parameters in SLE may not be a reason for, but in fact a consequence of the disease itself.

Microbiota and oxidant-antioxidant balance in systemic lupus erythematosus

“…On the other hand, the lower levels of serum zinc found in SLE subjects compared to controls were similar to those reported in other studies carried out with SLE population (17,18). It has been hypothesized that this decrease could be a result of a defense mechanism of the body against oxidative stress, given that the use of zinc as a cofactor for the antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase might compromise the amount of this trace element available in blood (32,(43)(44)(45)(46).…”

“…In this regard, although it has been hypothesized that copper and selenium could be related with an adaptive response against oxidative stress and inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis, by means of an increase in ceruloplasmin and glutathione peroxidase respectively (15,16), data on the role of these trace elements in lupus is scarce. Recently, lower serum levels of zinc and selenium in SLE patients respect to healthy controls have been reported, being serum copper concentrations inversely associated with the disease activity (17,18). Thus, the present study was designed to compare the concentrations of antioxidants, pro-oxidants, major microbial groups, MDA and CRP in SLE patients and healthy controls.…”

Lepromatous leprosy patients produce antibodies that recognise non-bilayer lipid arrangements containing mycolic acids

“…The units of IgG and IgM anti-cardiolipin antibodies showed positive correlations with the levels of antibodies that recognize non-bilayer phospholipid arrangements (measured by ELISA) in the serums of LL patients (C, D). molar ratio) closely resembles that of cellular membranes (Voet & Voet 2011) and Mn 2+ , the inducer of non-bilayer lipid arrangements, is a trace element present at concentrations of 87.2 ± 17.8 ng/dL in the sera of the control subjects (Yilmaz et al 2005). Moreover, tissues of LL patients can have very high levels of mycobacteria (3.3 x 10 10 /g of tissue) (Waters et al 1978) and because lipids constitute more than 40% of the dry weight of mycobacteria (Goren & Brennan 1979), the amount of MAs released from dead mycobacteria in these tissues would be considerable.…”

Trace Element Levels in Patients with Familial Mediterranean Fever

“…Alterations of Cu levels have been reported in previous studies. Cu levels are higher in systemic lupus erythematosus patients than in control groups [22]. However, decreased Cu levels have been reported in biopsy results from the mucosa of patients with inflammatory bowel disease [23].…”