Toxicological Study of a Siddha Sastric Formulation Arumuga Chendhuram in Rat Model

Ramamurthy, M; Vembu, Thanigavelan; Manickavasakam, K

doi:10.7324/japs.2016.60314

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 7 publications

(2 reference statements)

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“…treated group of rats throughout the examination period, whereas rats treated with TTM at the dose levels of 300 and 2000 mg/kg showed 33.3 and 100% mortality respectively (Table 1). Similar results were obtained during the acute toxicity study on the mercury-based Siddha formulation Arumuga chenthuram by Murugan et al, (16).…”

Section: Single Dose Toxicity Studysupporting

confidence: 87%

Studies on the safety profiles of a Siddha preparation -Thirithodamathirai

Madhavan¹,

Muthukumar²,

Sagayam

et al. 2022

Biomedicine

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Introduction and Aim: Thirithodamathirai (TTM)is aherbo metallic formulation of Siddha system of medicine also called as Veeramathirai or Mukkutra mathirai. Therapeutically it is recommended for all types of fever, delirium, and lung infections. It has only two ingredients namely veeram(Mercuric chloride,20%)and pepper seeds (80%). In this study, Veeram was detoxified and the test sample Thirithodamathirai prepared as per the instruction given in the classical siddha text Siddha vaithiyathirattu. It is a highly poisonous substance and if prepared improperly will have toxic effects. Materials and Methods: Plant materials used to detoxify the toxic effect of veeram are bitter gourd, milk, lemon juice and tender coconut. In the present study, the method using lemon juice was used in the detoxification procedure. After detoxification, veeramwas used in preparing the mathirai. This research work focuses on studying the safety profiles of Thirithoda mathirai by carrying out in vivo single dose toxicity studies in female Wistar rats. Thirithoda mathirai was dissolved in purified water, was administered to the experimental animals at a dose level of 50, 300 and 2000 mg/kg body weight and were observed for 14 days. Results:Single dose oral administration of the mathirai at a dose of 50 mg/kg caused no harmful toxic effects on the body mass / body weight changes and food intake in Thirithodamathirai treated female rats. Dose levels of 300 and 2000 mg/kg showed 33.3 and 100% mortality respectively. Conclusion:The acute oral LD50 of Thirithodamathirai for Wistar rats was observed to be 500mg/kg body weight.

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Section: Single Dose Toxicity Studysupporting

confidence: 87%

Studies on the safety profiles of a Siddha preparation -Thirithodamathirai

Madhavan¹,

Muthukumar²,

Sagayam

et al. 2022

Biomedicine

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“…Brahmanandha bairavam mathirai and Vishnu chakram have been used for the treatment of pyrexic phase of chikungunya [19], and may act as antivirals Nilavembu Kudineer is known for its antipyretic, anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties and thus have a role in immune modulation [20]. Arumuga chenduram is a herbo-metallic formulation [21], known for its role in the treatment of fever and arthritis [19]. Linga chenduram No.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Standardization of in vitro assays to evaluate the activity of polyherbal siddha formulations against Chikungunya virus infection

2018

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Chikungunya, a viral fever caused by Aedes mosquito results in extreme morbidity in affected individuals and is a major public health concern in India. Currently, modern vaccines or formulations prescribed by physicians can only provide symptomatic relief for the pyretic and post pyretic phase of the disease. Siddha practitioners follows strict medical regimen based on traditional Indian knowledge/concepts to treat Chikungunya with considerable results. The current study was undertaken to standardize assays for the study of these siddha formulations and to check their efficacy and potential mode of action as antivirals for Chikungunya virus infection in in vitro system. Although, siddha practitioners follow a regime containing 4-6 formulations, of these Brahmanandha bairavam mathirai, a part of the regime for Chikungunya followed at National Institute of Siddha and Vishnu chakram along with Brahmanandha bairavam mathirai, a part of Thiruchergodu Regime were found of have antiviral activities. It was observed that both Vishnu chakram and Brahmanandha bairavam mathirai were equally effective in blocking Chikungunya virus from entering susceptible cells in the concentrations range of 0.0625 and 0.5 mg/ml. Additionally, it was also observed that Brahmanandha bairavam mathirai was more effective than Vishnu chakram against entry of Chikungunya in the cells. The assays used in this study provides insights to the possible mode of action of various formulations used by siddha practitioners for the treatment of Chikungunya infection.

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“…and 48 mg/kg b.w. AC did not produced mortality even at higher dose also and no abnormal changes were observed in haematological, biochemical and histopathological parameters 21 .…”

Section: Dietary Instructionsmentioning

confidence: 76%

Herbomineral Formulation's Safety and Efficacy Employed in Siddha System of Medicine: A Review

Devi¹,

Reddy²,

Kumar³

et al. 2019

Int. Res. J. Pharm.

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Siddha is an ancient holistic system of medicine that gives importance to physical, mental as well as the spiritual wellbeing of mankind. This system has been developed by Siddhars, ancient supernatural, spiritual saints in the south India, particularly in Tamilnadu. The formulations of Siddha medicine consist of substances from herbal, mineral/metal and animal origins which are processed pharmaceutically to have therapeutic effects. Among three sources Siddhars widely used metals and minerals, owing to their characters like longer shelf life, greater efficacy with smaller dose and the potential therapeutic value compared to herbal formulations alone. Present review focuses on composition, traditional uses and scientific work done on herbomineral formulations of Siddha system of medicine. The information on Siddha herbomineral formulations was acquired from prehistoric Siddha books and by literature searching in electronic databases such as Science Direct, Pub Med, Pub Med Cochrane and Google-Scholar for publications up to August 2018. Thirteen herbomineral formulations have been identified and most frequently used metals in these formulations are Iron, Mercury, Sulphur, Silver, Gold, Zinc and Arsenic. Here in more than 40 references have been cited. The current review provides a background for toxicity and efficacy studies on Siddha mineral preparations, particularly focusing on scientific validation of these formulations in the treatment of various diseases.

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Toxicological Study of a Siddha Sastric Formulation Arumuga Chendhuram in Rat Model

Cited by 5 publications

References 7 publications

Studies on the safety profiles of a Siddha preparation -Thirithodamathirai

Studies on the safety profiles of a Siddha preparation -Thirithodamathirai

Standardization of in vitro assays to evaluate the activity of polyherbal siddha formulations against Chikungunya virus infection

Herbomineral Formulation's Safety and Efficacy Employed in Siddha System of Medicine: A Review

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