Toxicity Studies of Oral and Transdermal Formulations of Gentamicin Loaded PLGA Nanoparticles in Animal Model

Akhtar, Bushra

doi:10.29261/pakvetj/2019.121

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 17 publications

(20 reference statements)

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“…For histological analysis, the liver and kidney tissues were preserved in 10% buffered formalin and processed through graded ethanol, sectioned, stained and observed microscopically. 19…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cell membrane enveloped polymeric nanosponge for detoxification of chlorpyrifos poison: In vitro and in vivo studies

et al. 2021

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Organophosphates are highly toxic compounds as they are involved in irreversible inhibition of acetylcholinesterase, causing various neurotoxic effects via acetylcholine accumulation throughout the nervous system. Traditional treatments for organophosphate poisoning are not effective enough to overcome all the toxic effects. There is a need for alternate treatment of life threatening poisoning of organophosphates. For this purpose a biomimetic nanosponge of poly (lactic- co-glycolic acid) is prepared, characterized and analysed as an antidote for organophosphate poisoning. In this nanosponge red blood cell membranes are used for coating poly lactic co-glycolic acid nanoparticles. In vitro studies are conducted to investigate the retention of acetylcholinesterase activity on the prepared nanosponge as well as to assess the scavenging ability of prepared nanosponge for model organophosphate, chlorpyrifos. In vivo studies are conducted to evaluate the detoxification potential of nanosponge in rabbit model, poisoned with chlorpyrifos. Hepatotoxicity and renal toxicity of nanosponge/chlorpyrifos complex is also studied in survived rabbits and the data is analysed statistically.

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“…For histological analysis, the liver and kidney tissues were preserved in 10% buffered formalin and processed through graded ethanol, sectioned, stained and observed microscopically. 19…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cell membrane enveloped polymeric nanosponge for detoxification of chlorpyrifos poison: In vitro and in vivo studies

et al. 2021

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“…However, they may cause adverse effects, including nephrotoxicity, allergic skin reactions, ototoxicity and neuromuscular blockade (Trevor et al, 2015;Bakry et al, 2021). Gentamicin (GM) is an important aminoglycoside used to treat various bacterial infections caused by gram-negative bacteria (Akhtar et al, 2020;Merdana et al, 2021). GM induced nephrotoxicity involves different factors such as oxidative stress (Christo et al, 2011), lipid peroxidation (Govindappa et al, 2019) and decreased efficacy of various antioxidant enzymes (Abdel-raheem et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the Effects of Casticin Against Gm-Induced Oxidative Damage, Serum Chemistry and Mitochondria in Rats

2023

THE JAPS

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Gentamicin (GM) is an important aminoglycoside antibiotic to treat different infections caused by gram-negative bacteria. Mitochondrial dysfunction is considered as a key factor in the pathogenesis of renal disorders, and an important consequence of GM-induced nephrotoxicity that results in structural and functional alteration. Casticin (CAS) is a potential phytochemical having various pharmacological properties. The current investigation was formulated to ascertain the protective effects of CAS on GM induced mitochondrial dysfunction in kidney of rats. For this study, mature Sprague Dawley rats (n=48), weighing 200 ± 20g were used and divided into four groups (n=12) using a completely randomized design (CRD); Group 1 (control group), Group 2 (GM dose, 80 mgkg -1 b. wt i.p), Group 3 (80 mg/kg GM (i.p) and 50 mgkg -1 b.wt of CAS orally) and Group 4 (CAS 50 mgkg -1 b.wt orally). All rats were treated for ten days continuously. Our finding showed that GM administration significantly increased the concentration of urea and creatinine; however, creatinine clearance was reduced. GM treatment increased the level of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation, while the activity of glutathione, catalase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase were decreased. Mitochondrial tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle enzymes (succinate dehydrogenase, isocitrate dehydrogenase, malate dehydrogenase and alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase) activities were decreased after GM exposure. In addition, mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) enzymes, i.e., NADH dehydrogenase, succinate-dehydrogenase, succinic-coenzyme Q and cytochrome c-oxidase activities were reduced followed by GM administration. GM administration decreased mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) while significantly induced histological damage. However, treatment of CAS abrogated the damaging effects of GM in isolated renal mitochondria. Therefore, the present study demonstrated that CAS exhibits palliative effects against GM-induced renal mitochondrial impairment in the rats.

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Antioxidant and Wound Healing Potential of Essential Oil from Citrus reticulata Peel and Its Chemical Characterization

Ishfaq

Akhtar

Muhammad

et al. 2021

CPB

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Background: Fruit peels are considered as waste and contribute towards a major proportion of biomass. They might be a good source of various therapeutic benefits. Peels biomass of citrus fruits are usually considered as garbage. Such peels may have many important and valuable medicinal components with pharmacological activities. Citrus reticulata, (of family Rutaceae, local name tangerine) is a local seasonal fruit in Pakistan which is a very good example regarding wastage of its peels. Objective: The study is based on exploration of a citrus fruit peel derived essential oil, its chemical characterization, identification of various bioactive components and the exploration of pharmacological potentials (antibacterial and wound healing activity). Method: Essential oil was recovered by hydro-distillation of freshly collected peels. Chemical constituents of oil were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) analysis. Antioxidant activities were evaluated by total phenolic contents, total flavonoid content, DPPH scavenging activity and reducing power assay. Antibacterial activity was determined using disc diffusion assay. In vivo wound healing potential was determined in rabbits after topical administration of oil. Wound scoring was calculated followed by histological study. Results: GC-MS analysis showed presence of various components with greatest proportion of D-Limonene (89.31%). Total flavonoid and phenolic contents were found to be 14.63 ± 0.95 mg CE/g and 17.03 ± 3.24 mg GAE/g respectively while DPPH activity was found to be 73.32%. Better antibacterial activity was shown against E. coli. In vivo studies showed significant reduction in wound diameter in essential oil treatment groups. Further the essential oil was found non-irritant in draize scoring. Conclusion: The study concluded that essential oil of this fruit peel might be used for antibacterial and wound healing purposes.

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Toxicity Studies of Oral and Transdermal Formulations of Gentamicin Loaded PLGA Nanoparticles in Animal Model

Cited by 3 publications

References 17 publications

Cell membrane enveloped polymeric nanosponge for detoxification of chlorpyrifos poison: In vitro and in vivo studies

Cell membrane enveloped polymeric nanosponge for detoxification of chlorpyrifos poison: In vitro and in vivo studies

Study on the Effects of Casticin Against Gm-Induced Oxidative Damage, Serum Chemistry and Mitochondria in Rats

Antioxidant and Wound Healing Potential of Essential Oil from Citrus reticulata Peel and Its Chemical Characterization

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