Toxicity risk of insecticides to the insect egg parasitoid Trichogramma evanescens Westwood (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae)

Abstract

The results of risk quotient analysis indicated that neonicotinoids, avermectins, pyrethroids and IGRs were less hazardous, but phenylpyrazoles (except for ethiprole), organophosphates and carbamates were slightly to moderately or dangerously toxic to T. evanescens. The present results provide informative data for implementing biological and chemical control strategies in integrated pest management of lepidopterans.

Lethal and sublethal effects of thiamethoxam on the whitefly predator Serangium japonicum (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) through different exposure routes

“…Opposite to He et al (2012) that proved the safety of systemic exposure to imidacloprid on S. japonicum, in this study systemic application of the field recommended concentration of thiamethoxam resulted in 100% death of S. japonicum within 24 h. Thiamethoxam is thought to have different mode of action than imidacloprid (Kayser et al, 2004) and it may be more toxic to natural enemies than imidacloprid, especially when applied systemically (Prabhaker et al, 2011;Wang et al, 2013;Wang et al, 2014). However, the opposite results were revealed by Al-Deeb et al (2001) and Youn et al (2003).…”

Side-effects of pesticides on the generalist endoparasitoid Palmistichus elaeisis (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae)

“…The low toxicity of triflumuron for P. elaeisis development may be related to its action mechanism as a chitin synthesis inhibitor, but with little impact on beneficial insects, with low absorption through ingestion by these insects 44 . Triflumuron did not affect the sex ratio of the second generation of Trichogramma galloi Zucchi (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) 5 , and others GRI’s are also harmless for non-target arthropods such as spirotetramat for Chrysoperla carnea Stephens (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) and Adalia bipunctata L. (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) larvae and adults 45 ; methoxyfenozide for several non-target arthropods 2 ; and tebufenozide, hexaflumuron, and tebufenozide for Trichogramma species adults 5 , 46 , 47 .…”

Acute and Chronic Toxicity of Methomyl and Lantana Camara (Verbenaceae) to Five Biological Control Agents of Agriculture Pest in Peru

“…Se ha observado una alta sensibilidad a diferentes insecticidas químicos en huevos de Ephestia kuehniella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) parasitados por T. pretiosum y tratados por inmersión en soluciones químicas (CARVALHO et al, 2010). En varios insecticidas se ha evaluado el riesgo tóxico sobre Trichogramma evanescens y Trichogramma chilonis (SATTAR et al, 2011;WANG et al, 2013). Sattar et al (2011) señalan que los adultos de T. chilonis son el estadio de vida más susceptible a los insecticidas en comparación a otros estadios de desarrollo.…”