Although there is a lot of information about cultivation, use and medicinal properties of blueberry Vaccinium corymbosum, there is still little information about its internal morphology and histology. Therefore, we proposed to know more of those aspects and to understand the low seed germination. The material used was composed of seeds and mature plants obtained from a farm located in Trujillo, Peru. All histological work was made in the Laboratory of Plant Anatomy and Pharmacognosy belongs to Faculty of Biological Science in Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos in Lima, Peru. Each organ was analyzed in cross and longitudinal sections, as well as in external or superficial view. Lugol and Sudan IV were used for seed sections, Safranin for stem and root sections, and Lugol for leaf sections. We found some variation in seed size and color, being assigned to the category of oil seeds. Germination was limited by the embryos viability, as well as thickness of the seed coat. Stems and roots have punctuated xylem vessels, which facilitate the lateral water transport. The radical system is highly branched, apparently due to mycorrhizal symbiosis. Leaves are bifacial, with all the stomata on the abaxial side, and features that are characteristic of C3 plants.
Chenopodium pallidicaule Aellen "kañiwa" is a high Andean species that tolerates many types of environmental stresses including salinity. In addition, its seeds have high nutritional value, so it is a grain with potential to combat child malnutrition in Peru. But despite this, its area is currently being restricted to the department of Puno, Peru. So it was decided to know what the maximum tolerance to salt stress and temperature during germination, as preliminary work on adaptation of this species at the coast. We tested the seeds of 6 cultivars (Blanca, Roja, Amarilla, Illpa-INIA, Ramis and Cupi) under 3 different concentrations of NaCl (0.1M, 0.3M, 0.5M) and a control of distilled water; each treatment had 4 replications, and each replication consisted of Petri dishes with 100 seeds each. Evaluations were performed daily for 4 days in a completely randomized experimental design. In all cases the concentration of 0.5 M completely inhibited germination. It was found that cultivar Roja is more tolerant to salinity coming to 76.3%, while cultivar Amarilla was the most susceptible reaching only 9.7% of seeds germinated at 0.3 M NaCl. Regarding the germination rate, Illpa-INIA, Cupi and Ramis cultivars were much higher than Blanca, Amarilla and Roja on treatments 0.1M, 0.3M and control values. Germination data at different temperatures show that kañiwa can germinate even at 30° C. We conclude that kañiwa could be grown in coastal soils with moderate salinity and high temperatures.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.