Toxicity of Nitrates and Nitrites to Dairy Cattle

Morris, M. P.; Cancel, Bartolomé; González-Más, Alma

doi:10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(58)90987-1

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Delivery of concentrates was fractionated to re duce the risk of methemoglobinemia (metHb; Morris et al, 1958). Forage-to-concentrate ratio (50:50) was kept as close as possible to the target ratio by adjusting the amounts of hay and concentrates offered daily.…”

Section: Feeding and Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Additive methane-mitigating effect between linseed oil and nitrate fed to cattle1

Guyader

Eugène

Meunier

et al. 2015

Journal of Animal Science

103

101

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Section: Feeding and Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Additive methane-mitigating effect between linseed oil and nitrate fed to cattle1

Guyader

Eugène

Meunier

et al. 2015

Journal of Animal Science

103

101

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“…Pregnant heifers aborted in 3 to 13 days on the daily administration by fistula of about 9 g. per hundredweight (20). However, feeding 25 g. per hundredweight in forage has failed to reduce milk production in dairy cows (7) and 30 g. similarly fed to young bulls produced no abnormalities (14). Response from a given level of nitrate depends to a great extent on the method of administration and the response obtained from rapidly administering nitrate in a pure soluble form is of little direct value in determining maximum safe levels applicable to forage.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Some Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer, Maturity, and Light on the Composition of Orchardgrass¹

Gordon¹,

Decker²,

Wiseman

1962

Agronomy Journal

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“…This leads to accumulation of nitrite in the rumen, which is readily absorbed across the rumen wall and converts blood hemoglobin (Hb) from the ferrous (Fe 2+ ) to the ferric (Fe 3+ ) form. The ferric form of hemoglobin, methemoglobin (MetHb), renders the molecule incapable of transporting oxygen to the tissues (Morris et al, 1958). The resulting condition, methemoglobinemia, is a state of general anoxia, which in mild cases may depress animal performance but in severe cases may be fatal (Ozmen et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrate and sulfate: Effective alternative hydrogen sinks for mitigation of ruminal methane production in sheep

Zijderveld

Gerrits

Apajalahti

et al. 2010

Journal of Dairy Science

248

225

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Twenty male crossbred Texel lambs were used in a 2 × 2 factorial design experiment to assess the effect of dietary addition of nitrate (2.6% of dry matter) and sulfate (2.6% of dry matter) on enteric methane emissions, rumen volatile fatty acid concentrations, rumen microbial composition, and the occurrence of methemoglobinemia. Lambs were gradually introduced to nitrate and sulfate in a corn silage-based diet over a period of 4 wk, and methane production was subsequently determined in respiration chambers. Diets were given at 95% of the lowest ad libitum intake observed within one block in the week before methane yield was measured to ensure equal feed intake of animals between treatments. All diets were formulated to be isonitrogenous. Methane production decreased with both supplements (nitrate: -32%, sulfate: -16%, and nitrate+sulfate: -47% relative to control). The decrease in methane production due to nitrate feeding was most pronounced in the period immediately after feeding, whereas the decrease in methane yield due to sulfate feeding was observed during the entire day. Methane-suppressing effects of nitrate and sulfate were independent and additive. The highest methemoglobin value observed in the blood of the nitrate-fed animals was 7% of hemoglobin. When nitrate was fed in combination with sulfate, methemoglobin remained below the detection limit of 2% of hemoglobin. Dietary nitrate decreased heat production (-7%), whereas supplementation with sulfate increased heat production (+3%). Feeding nitrate or sulfate had no effects on volatile fatty acid concentrations in rumen fluid samples taken 24h after feeding, except for the molar proportion of branched-chain volatile fatty acids, which was higher when sulfate was fed and lower when nitrate was fed, but not different when both products were included in the diet. The total number of rumen bacteria increased as a result of sulfate inclusion in the diet. The number of methanogens was reduced when nitrate was fed. Enhanced levels of sulfate in the diet increased the number of sulfate-reducing bacteria. The number of protozoa was not affected by nitrate or sulfate addition. Supplementation of a diet with nitrate and sulfate is an effective means for mitigating enteric methane emissions from sheep.

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Toxicity of Nitrates and Nitrites to Dairy Cattle

Cited by 13 publications

References 3 publications

Additive methane-mitigating effect between linseed oil and nitrate fed to cattle1

Additive methane-mitigating effect between linseed oil and nitrate fed to cattle1

Some Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer, Maturity, and Light on the Composition of Orchardgrass¹

Nitrate and sulfate: Effective alternative hydrogen sinks for mitigation of ruminal methane production in sheep

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Toxicity of Nitrates and Nitrites to Dairy Cattle

Cited by 13 publications

References 3 publications

Additive methane-mitigating effect between linseed oil and nitrate fed to cattle1

Additive methane-mitigating effect between linseed oil and nitrate fed to cattle1

Some Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer, Maturity, and Light on the Composition of Orchardgrass1

Nitrate and sulfate: Effective alternative hydrogen sinks for mitigation of ruminal methane production in sheep

Contact Info

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Resources

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Some Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer, Maturity, and Light on the Composition of Orchardgrass¹