Toxicity induced by three antibiotics commonly used in aquaculture on the marine microalga Tetraselmis suecica (Kylin) Butch

Abstract

Aquaculture facilities are a potential source of antibiotics to the aquatic ecosystems. The presence of these compounds in the environment may have deleterious effects on non-target aquatic organisms such as microalgae, which are often used as biological indicators of pollution. Therefore, the toxicity induced by chloramphenicol (CHL), florphenicol (FLO) and oxytetracycline (OTC), three antibiotics widely used in aquaculture, on the marine microalga Tetraselmis suecica was evaluated. Growth inhibition and physiological and biochemical parameters were analysed. All three antibiotics inhibited growth of T. suecica with 96 h IC50 values of 11.16, 9.03 and 17.25 mg L(-1) for CHL, FLO and OTC, respectively. After 24 h of exposure no effects on growth were observed and cell viability was also unaffected, whereas a decrease in esterase activity, related with cell vitality, was observed at the higher concentrations assayed. Photosynthesis related parameters such as chlorophyll a cellular content and autofluorescence were also altered after 24 h of antibiotics addition. It can be concluded that T. suecica was sensitive to the three antibiotics tested.

Decreasing of bacterial content in Isochrysis galbana cultures by using some antibiotics

“…The efficiency of these techniques to remove bacteria from cultures is partial and the reduction in bacterial load may take several weeks. Thus, in order to improve the reduction of bacteria, may be necessary apply one of the most common approaches, the use of antibiotics (Cho et al 2002, Vazquez-Martínez et al 2004, Seoane et al 2014. Certain protocols have been developed to reduce the bacteria load in cultures of I. galbana, but the results have not been consistent, depending on the mechanisms of action of the antibiotic and the characteristics of the bacterial load in every strain of I. galbana (Cho et al 2002, Subhash et al 2004, Youn & Hur 2007.…”

Toxicity of OTC to Ipomoea aquatica Forsk. and to microorganisms in a long-term sewage-irrigated farmland soil

“…The sudden increase in toxicity at high rates OTC might represent a combined effect of the high dose of OTC and the influence of desorbed pollutants. In other researches, antibiotics, chloramphenicol (CHL), florphenicol (FLO) and OTC inhibited growth of Tetraselmis suecica with 96-h IC50 values in the order of OTC > CHL > FLO (Seoane et al, 2014). In accordance to the standard procedures, the acute toxicities (48-h EC50 value, mg/L) in decreasing order were oxolinic acid (OA) (4.6), tiamulin (TI) (40), sulfadiazine (SU) (221), streptomycin (ST) (487), tylosin (TY) (680) and OTC (∼1000) to the freshwater crustacean Daphnia magna (Wollenberger et al, 2000).…”

Effects of Pollution on Marine Organisms

“…Several investigators examined the effects of antibiotics, antidepressants, and beta blockers. Seoane et al (2014) investigated the toxic effects of three antibiotics (chloramphenicol, florphenicol, and oxytetracycline) on algae (Tetraselmis suecica) and…”