Effects of Pollution on Marine Organisms

Mearns, Alan J.; Reish, Donald J.; Oshida, Philip S.; Morrison, Ann M.; Rempel‐Hester, Mary Ann; Arthur, Courtney; Rutherford, Nicolle; Pryor, Rachel

doi:10.2175/106143015x14338845156380

Cited by 42 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 497 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Hence, water from desalination plants is not recommended to be used for human consumption (Petrik et al, 2017). Through the bioaccumulation in marine organism chemicals and germs become part of the food chain (Reish, Oshida, Mearns, Ginn, & Buchman, 2005). Wastewater pollution threatens kelp forests (Bennett et al, 2015) and impacts on the marine environment (Connell et al, 2008), (Falkenberg, Burnell, Connell, & Russell, 2010).…”

Section: Journal Of Environment and Ecologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Citizen Research Highlights: Blue Flag Beach is not a Reliable Eco-Label to Protect Bathers in Cape Town

Weimann

2018

JEE

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Every day over 50 million liters of raw sewage are pumped into the Atlantic Ocean at several marine outfalls around the Cape Peninsula. They are in proximity to Blue Flag beaches and marine coastal nature reserves. This wastewater disposal poses severe health risks to citizens and recreational bathers. Moreover, sea food is contaminated by germs, pharmaceuticals, chemicals and other toxic substances. Caused by the wastewater pollution the marine ecosystem is under threat and deteriorating. Furthermore, Cape Town experiences recurrent droughts and the wastewater disposal puts additional strain to fresh water resources.Study design: The Blue Flag beach criteria were applied as a framework. A citizen research approach was used. Seawater was analysed daily over two months during high tide at Blue Flag beaches in Cape Town during Blue Flag season. Wind directions were recorded, photo documentation performed, and drone flights were conducted. Wastewater related diseases were reported by an online questionnaire.Results: The water at Blue Flag beaches in Cape Town is contaminated by E. coli. The drone flights showed that the sewage plume is shifted by wind directions, tides and currents towards the coast and Blue Flag beaches. Skin rashes, ear infections, stomach cramps, diarrhea as well as vomiting were reported by recreational bathers.Conclusions: The dissemination of sewage and other pollutants are influenced by wind directions and currents. The present sewage disposal into the sea poses a risk to the health of recreational bathers and sea food consumers. The International Blue Flag beach label promotes beaches as major tourist attractions but is not a reliable label indicating the cleanliness of water. Tertiary wastewater treatment plants are mandatory for coastal cities to protect the marine environment and recreational bathers. The appropriate recycling of wastewater is required to combat recurrent droughts to mitigate the climate crisis.

show abstract

Section: Journal Of Environment and Ecologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Citizen Research Highlights: Blue Flag Beach is not a Reliable Eco-Label to Protect Bathers in Cape Town

Weimann

2018

JEE

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“… 16 Most of these pesticides are resistant to hydrolysis and degrade slowly under standard environmental conditions; 17 − 19 as a result, pesticides both bioaccumulate and biomagnify in the food chain 20 and have exacerbated negative effects to humans and animals. 21 , 22 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Organochlorine Pesticides in Contaminated Marine Environments via Cyclodextrin-Promoted Fluorescence Modulation

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The development of practical and robust detection methods for pesticides is an important research objective owing to the known toxicity, carcinogenicity, and environmental persistence of these compounds. Pesticides have been found in bodies of water that are located near areas where pesticides are commonly used and easily spread to beaches, lakes, and rivers; affect the species living in those waterways; and harm humans who come into contact with or eat fish from such water. Reported herein is the rapid, sensitive, and selective detection of four organochlorine pesticides in a variety of water sources across the state of Rhode Island using cyclodextrin-promoted fluorescence detection. This method relies on the ability of cyclodextrin to promote analyte-specific fluorescence modulation of a high quantum yield fluorophore when a pesticide is in close proximity, combined with subsequent array-based statistical analyses of the measurable changes in the emission signals. This system operates with high sensitivity (low micromolar detection limits), selectivity (100% differentiation between structurally similar analytes), and general applicability (for different water samples with varying salinity and pH as well as for different water temperatures).

show abstract

“…In the last years, many papers describing the occurrence of chemicals (xenobiotics) responsible for disrupting the proper function of living animals (especially water organisms) have been published [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. These studies also apply to the determination of bisphenol A (BPA, 2,2-bis(4-hydroxylphenyl)propane) that use has been a point of controversy for the recent years [15][16][17][18][19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Molecular Imprinted Polymers for Selective Solid Phase Extraction of Bisphenol A

Poliwoda

Mościpan

Wieczorek

2016

Ecological Chemistry and Engineering S

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Selective molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) with bisphenol A as template were synthesized using the non-covalent imprinting approach. MIPs were prepared using thermally initiated polymerization with 1,1'-azobis(cyclohexanecarbonitryle) (ACHN) as initiator and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EDMA) as a cross-linking agent. The tested functional monomers included methacrylic acid, acrylamide, and 4-vinylpyridine. The selectivity of the BPA-MIP for the solid phase extraction of bisphenol A was tested in samples containing other related alkylphenols. The polymers prepared in acetonitrile using methacrylic acid or acrylamide as monomer showed the highest selectivity towards target analyte (the selectivity ratio 8:1, respectively for MIP and NIP). The proposed procedure has been proven to be an effective for selective extraction of bisphenol A in aqueous samples (recoveries over 85%) enabling detection and quantification limits of 25 and 70 µg/dm 3 , respectively based on 10 cm 3 of sample volume, with relative standard deviations (RSD) lower than 6%. The obtained molecularly imprinted material showed interesting properties for selective extraction and preconcentration of studied analyte from large volumes of aqueous samples without any problems of cartridge clogging.

show abstract

Effects of Pollution on Marine Organisms

Cited by 42 publications

References 497 publications

Citizen Research Highlights: Blue Flag Beach is not a Reliable Eco-Label to Protect Bathers in Cape Town

Citizen Research Highlights: Blue Flag Beach is not a Reliable Eco-Label to Protect Bathers in Cape Town

Detection of Organochlorine Pesticides in Contaminated Marine Environments via Cyclodextrin-Promoted Fluorescence Modulation

Application of Molecular Imprinted Polymers for Selective Solid Phase Extraction of Bisphenol A

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About