Towards a sweat-based wireless and wearable electrochemical sensor

Dieffenderfer, James; Wilkins, Michael S.; Hood, C. E.; Beppler, Eric; Daniele, Michael A.; Bozkurt, Alper

doi:10.1109/icsens.2016.7808470

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“… − These features have the potential to enable highly interconnected networks of physical, chemical, and biological sensors with the ability to link different realms of human experience with measurements of causality that are currently unavailable . In particular, wireless sensing networks can enhance spatial and temporal resolution of acquired information, and permit continuous monitoring at otherwise highly inaccessible locations. , Realizing next-generation transformation in electronic-sensor science necessitates access to high quality conductive materials capable of converting physical and chemical stimuli into electronic signals, as well as development of methods of their integration into functional sensing devices.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…16 In particular, wireless sensing networks can enhance spatial and temporal resolution of acquired information, and permit continuous monitoring at otherwise highly inaccessible locations. 17,18 Realizing next-generation transformation in electronic-sensor science necessitates access to high quality conductive materials capable of converting physical and chemical stimuli into electronic signals, as well as development of methods of their integration into functional sensing devices.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Electrically-Transduced Chemical Sensors Based on Two-Dimensional Nanomaterials

et al. 2019

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Electrically−transduced sensors, with their simplicity and compatibility with standard electronic technologies, produce signals that can be efficiently acquired, processed, stored, and analyzed. Two dimensional (2D) nanomaterials, including graphene, phosphorene (BP), transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs), and others, have proven to be attractive for the fabrication of high−performance electricallytransduced chemical sensors due to their remarkable electronic and physical properties originating from their 2D structure. This review highlights the advances in electricallytransduced chemical sensing that rely on 2D materials. The structural components of such sensors are described, and the underlying operating principles for different types of architectures are discussed. The structural features, electronic properties, and surface chemistry of 2D nanostructures that dictate their sensing performance are reviewed. Key advances in the application of 2D materials, from both a historical and analytical perspective, are summarized for four different groups of analytes: gases, volatile compounds, ions, and biomolecules. The sensing performance is discussed in the context of the molecular design, structure−property relationships, and device fabrication technology. The outlook of challenges and opportunities for 2D nanomaterials for the future development of electrically-transduced sensors is also presented.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Electrically-Transduced Chemical Sensors Based on Two-Dimensional Nanomaterials

et al. 2019

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“…Other biomarkers such as glucose, lactate, uric acid and ethanol are detectable in sweat. Recent reports showed the detection of lactate monitoring with conventional components on a wireless potentiostat board [6], the integration of graphenebased glucose/oxygen enzymatic fuel cell into a band-aid patch for detecting glucose in sweat [7], and, the monitoring of alcohol lifestyle through the detection of ethylglucuronide (EtG), a metabolite of ethanol [8].…”

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confidence: 99%

Lab on skin^™: 3D monolithically integrated zero-energy micro/nanofludics and FD SOI ion sensitive FETs for wearable multi-sensing sweat applications

Bellando

Garcia-Cordero

Wildhaber

et al. 2017

2017 IEEE International Electron Devices Meeting (IEDM)

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This paper reports a novel fully integrated low power multi-sensing smart system, which, by wafer-level 3D heterogeneous integration of Ion Sensitive Fully Depleted (FD) FETs and SU-8 micro/nanofludics, achieves the first of its kind wearable multi-sensing system, called Lab on Skin TM , capable to detect biomarkers in human sweat. In the reported configuration, the multi-sensing system exploits arrays of functionalized sensors capable to simultaneously detect pH, Na + and K + concentrations in sweat in real time. We present a detailed electrical DC and dynamic characterization, showing excellent sensitivities (52mV/dec for pH and-37mV/dec for Na + sensors) with ultra-low power consumption (less than 50 nWatts/sensor). We report ion cross-sensitivities and a differential measurement approach that allows calibrated measurements. Overall, the paper reports significant advances in the design and fabrication of micro/nanofludics channels, inlets compatible with human skin pore size and density, and outlet passive pumps with flow rates of tens of pl/s; all capable of exploiting capillary forces in order to provide a zero energy pumping of sweat into sensing channels. Moreover, we report the first integration of a miniaturized Ag/AgCl Quasi-Reference Electrodes (QRE) into the sensing system, with long term stability, paving the way for fully wearable electronic chips in flexible patches or as plug-in modules in wrist based devices. I. INTRODUCTION AND RATIONALE Wearable biosensors [1-2] hold promise for playing a significant role in future personalized and preventive healthcare as they enable non-invasive and real time monitoring of a large variety of biomarkers in human biofluids. They add significant value to activity monitoring, which is tracked by MEMS sensor technology (accelerometers and gyroscopes), and, to other biosignals (such as heart rate and blood oxygenation). Moreover, sweat is easily accessible via the largest human organ, the skin, and can take advantage of patch and wrist-based device embodiments. Previous reports on the detection of biomarkers in sweat were based on large electrochemical sensors [3-4] requiring large amounts of sweat, which limits the field of applications to sport with abundant sweating or requires pilocarpine-induced cholinergic sweating, which is not user friendly and can even modify the physiological composition of sweat. A recent comprehensive review [5] reported that there are hundreds of biomarkers that can be tracked in human sweat and, for some, the correlations with the concentrations of same

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“…J. Dieffenderfer et al [9], present a wearable potentiostat device with a wireless connection to smartphones. This device works as an electrochemical sensor for the analysis of biomarkers within sweat.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

IoT-WLAN Proximity Network for Potentiostats

González

Lloret

Tomás

et al. 2020

2020 Fifth International Conference on Fog and Mobile Edge Computing (FMEC)

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The implementation of potentiostats as portable and communicated devices has reached significant progress to benefit research, industry, and education. The Internet of Things (IoT) is a good opportunity to interconnect devices such as the potentiostats together with electronics, communication technologies, and chemistry into a single system. This work proposes a network for potentiostats using machine-tomachine (M2M) protocols, modifying its functioning mechanism in the broker to check the payload of the message that passes through it and synchronize the sensors depending on its content. Although one sensor can be synchronized directly to another, the broker decides which sensor to pair. This modification was made in the M2M protocol algorithm, both in the Broker and in the Client (sensor). In addition to this, the network uses an interconnection architecture of IoT smart networks of proximity with centralized management. The results of the tests carried out showed that the use of a modified M2M such as the one proposed in the architecture allows synchronization and comparison of the measurements of several sensors in real-time.

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Towards a sweat-based wireless and wearable electrochemical sensor

Cited by 14 publications

References 13 publications

Electrically-Transduced Chemical Sensors Based on Two-Dimensional Nanomaterials

Electrically-Transduced Chemical Sensors Based on Two-Dimensional Nanomaterials

Lab on skin^™: 3D monolithically integrated zero-energy micro/nanofludics and FD SOI ion sensitive FETs for wearable multi-sensing sweat applications

IoT-WLAN Proximity Network for Potentiostats

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Towards a sweat-based wireless and wearable electrochemical sensor

Cited by 14 publications

References 13 publications

Electrically-Transduced Chemical Sensors Based on Two-Dimensional Nanomaterials

Electrically-Transduced Chemical Sensors Based on Two-Dimensional Nanomaterials

Lab on skin™: 3D monolithically integrated zero-energy micro/nanofludics and FD SOI ion sensitive FETs for wearable multi-sensing sweat applications

IoT-WLAN Proximity Network for Potentiostats

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Lab on skin^™: 3D monolithically integrated zero-energy micro/nanofludics and FD SOI ion sensitive FETs for wearable multi-sensing sweat applications