Toward an ecological civilization: Mass comprehensive ecotourism indications among domestic visitors to a Chinese wetland protected area

Shi, Fangfang; Weaver, David; Zhao, Yanzhi; Huang, Ming‐Feng; Tang, Chuanzhong; Yang, Liu

doi:10.1016/j.tourman.2018.07.011

Cited by 79 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…As mentioned earlier, tourists who reach Lake Czarny Staw pod Rysami are generally more experienced hikers with higher levels of environmental awareness, which is an additional protective factor. Tourist behaviors, including failure to observe the rules and regulations in protected nature sites around the world and the resulting consequences for the natural environment, have also been discussed by other authors [63][64][65][66][67][68]. Table 4.…”

Section: Plant Cover (M 2 )-Covermentioning

confidence: 96%

The Impact of Recreational Activities on Aquatic Vegetation in Alpine Lakes

Dynowski

Senetra

Źróbek-Sokolnik

et al. 2019

Water

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Tourism pressure on protected areas with attractive landscapes leads to environmental modifications. Eutrophication poses the main threat to the quality of water in alpine lakes. Even small inflows of biogenic elements can disrupt the ecological balance of these ecosystems. The aim of this study was to verify the hypothesis that recreational activities and easy access to alpine lakes contribute to changes in their ecological status. This hypothesis was verified by analyzing the presence of hydromacrophytes in two lakes of the Tatra National Park (Poland). The analysis was carried out along segments of hiking trails which were evaluated for accessibility to the studied lakes. Underwater surveys were carried out during scuba diving expeditions in 2012–2016. Submerged vegetation was evaluated in both lakes. This is the first study in Poland and one of the few projects in the world to have relied on such extensive support from scuba divers to generate highly accurate measurements. The study demonstrated that lake bottoms were extensively covered by Potamogeton friesii in the vicinity of trail segments with easy access to lakes. Our results show that tourism pressure contributes to the growth of aquatic vegetation in some areas of alpine lakes. We relied on our findings to propose several modifications to the routes of the evaluated tourist trails to minimize the impact of anthropogenic pressure on the studied lakes.

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Section: Plant Cover (M 2 )-Covermentioning

confidence: 96%

The Impact of Recreational Activities on Aquatic Vegetation in Alpine Lakes

Dynowski

Senetra

Źróbek-Sokolnik

et al. 2019

Water

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“…Therefore, the PET increased slower in north regions from 1990 to 2005 and even decreased from 2005 to 2015 than that in south regions. It might also be because that China has put ecological civilization as a national strategy to build a beautiful China in recent years (Shi et al,2019;Geall et al,2018). This strategy became a great opportunity for urban forest…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peer Review #2 of "Spatiotemporal patterns of urban thermal environment and comfort across 180 cities in summer under China’s rapid urbanization (v0.2)"

2019

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Background. China is considered as the largest and most rapidly urbanizing nation in the world. However, possible changes of urban thermal environment and comfort under the rapid urbanization in China still remain poorly understood at a national scale. Methods. Based on the data collected from 180 cities in 1990, 2005, and 2015 in China, the spatiotemporal patterns of urban thermal environment and comfort in summer and their relationships with urbanization variables were investigated in this study. Results. Our results indicate that urban thermal environment has changed greatly during the 25 years. Furthermore, the changes of urban climate in different regions are inconsistent. The Physiological Equivalent Temperature(PET) at most cities (81%) in China increased from 1990 to 2015, which suggested that urban thermal comfort in China was also deteriorating during the 25 years. However,while the PET of some cities in China began to decrease from 2005 to 2015, there were still 33% of cities that had positive trends,which mainly located in North region. Urbanization resulted in a significant influence on urban climate. Compared to southern cities, northern cities were more sensitive to urbanization impact. The most important contribution to increasing of PET for urbanization variables is Gross Domestic Product, followed by urban population. The analysis results reveal changing patterns of urban thermal comfort in China during summer season. It can help urban government and managers improve urban thermal environment and comfort.

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“…Theoretical models applied to empirical evidence have also been used to predict the behavior of tourists visiting nature-based sites. It was often found that visitors' behavior depended not only on their personal knowledge, values and intentions prior to travel [56,63], but also on their appreciation of the ecotourism experience [56,[64][65][66][67][68]. These studies have important implications for the management of ecotourism sites, recommending that ecotourism enterprises pay particular attention to delivering a full and genuine ecotourism experience to their customers in order to promote ecologically-responsible attitudes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If the concept of ecotourism in the "Western world" (i.e., including mainly Western Europe, the U.S., Canada, Australia and New Zealand) consider humans as primarily a nuisance to nature and therefore call for minimal impact on protected landscapes, the concept of shengtai lüyou regards humans as an integral part of the landscape, the beauty of which is enhanced with artifacts such as rock carvings, temples and stair paths [48,60,61,69]. However, despite these underlying cultural differences, Chinese ecotourists exhibit eco-friendly behaviors highly similar to those of their Western counterparts, revealing a great potential for the creation of an ecological civilization both in China and abroad [48,61,68]. The same authors suggested that to reach sustainability, international standardization of the ecotourism concept should be inclusive of local characteristics, which is a hard task still far from being achieved.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecotourism in China, Misuse or Genuine Development? An Analysis Based on Map Browser Results

Zhang²,

Gao

et al. 2019

Sustainability

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Ecotourism is considered to be an effective means of promoting nature conservation and sustainable development in less developed regions. However, its widespread adoption may be the result of a misunderstanding due to confusion about definitions and interpretations. Using web map browsers, we assessed the distribution pattern of ecotourism sites in both number and density in the 31 provinces of mainland China, and found that it positively correlated with gross domestic products (GDP) and population size, showing spatial dynamics similar to the general tourism model. However, negative-weak or no correlation at all was found with the presence and size of nature variables such as protected areas. These results support previous suspicions that the term ecotourism and its associated concept may be misused in China and that the regions that could benefit the most from this form of tourism have yet to properly develop it. Although this pattern could reflect a huge demand for genuine ecotourism, we recommend that China, to achieve its ambitious sustainable development goals, adapt ecotourism policies in its environmental and socio-cultural context, manage them with a trans-disciplinary expert board, and regulate its market by introducing a rigorous admittance system with continuous monitoring and evaluation.

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Toward an ecological civilization: Mass comprehensive ecotourism indications among domestic visitors to a Chinese wetland protected area

Cited by 79 publications

References 54 publications

The Impact of Recreational Activities on Aquatic Vegetation in Alpine Lakes

The Impact of Recreational Activities on Aquatic Vegetation in Alpine Lakes

Peer Review #2 of "Spatiotemporal patterns of urban thermal environment and comfort across 180 cities in summer under China’s rapid urbanization (v0.2)"

Ecotourism in China, Misuse or Genuine Development? An Analysis Based on Map Browser Results

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