Ecotourism in China, Misuse or Genuine Development? An Analysis Based on Map Browser Results

Li, Yanpeng; Zhang, Lixiang; Gao, Ying; Huang, Zhi‐Pang; Cui, Liang-Wei; Liu, Shuoran; Fang, Yihao; Ren, Guopeng; Fornacca, Davide; Xiao, Wen

doi:10.3390/su11184997

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…Worldwide, an increased number of women have started to participate in entrepreneurial exercises for money-related reasons as well as for psychological and social empowerment reasons. Most of these women entrepreneurs, however, also expect to have a balanced family life while engaging in their business activities [31,32].…”

Section: Women's Entrepreneurship and Ecotourism In Northern Cyprusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flourishing Women through Sustainable Tourism Entrepreneurship

Ertac

Tanova

2020

Sustainability

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As a small island in the Mediterranean Sea, Cyprus must develop a sustainable tourism model. Although the ongoing political problems in Cyprus provide additional challenges, the number and activities of women ecotourism entrepreneurs demonstrated an inspiring growth over the last decade in the northern part of Cyprus. The well-being and flourishing of these women entrepreneurs influence their participation and further involvement in the sector. Psychological empowerment plays a significant role in achieving a flourishing society, and our results reveal that ecotourism can be used to create positive change in women’s lives. We study how the mindsets and flourishing levels of these ecotourism entrepreneurs are related and how empowerment can change the direction of this relationship. Our research model was developed based on the self-Determination theory. Surveys were distributed to 200 women ecotourism entrepreneurs in rural areas of Northern Cyprus. We demonstrate that women who have growth mindsets, i.e., those that believe people’s characteristics such as abilities are not fixed, experience lower levels of flourishing, perhaps contrary to what some might expect. This result may be due to the presence of gender inequality and may be an outcome of living in a region where a frozen conflict places additional external constraints on women entrepreneurs. However, as we predict, psychological empowerment changes the direction of this relationship. When psychological empowerment is high, women with a higher level of growth mindset experience a greater level of flourishing, even in an unfavorable context. This is the first study which analyzes women ecotourism entrepreneurs in Northern Cyprus. Moreover, this is the first study that focuses on the relationship between growth mindset, flourishing and psychological empowerment. The results can be used by governmental and non-governmental organizations as a source in their decision-making processes while managing and coordinating microfinance opportunities for rural development to support women’s empowerment and well-being.

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Section: Women's Entrepreneurship and Ecotourism In Northern Cyprusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flourishing Women through Sustainable Tourism Entrepreneurship

Ertac

Tanova

2020

Sustainability

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“…Then, further analysis was conducted to derive the fragmentation of green spaces in Kuala Lumpur. Fragmentation refers to converting formerly continuous landscape elements into many discontinuous patches (Li et al, 2020). In this study, fragmentation analysis was done on all six zones in Kuala Lumpur to see which zone shows the highest number of green space fragments.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kuala Lumpur Green Space Fragmentation Index Analysis and Green Corridors Suggestion using Geographic Information System

Rasli,

Kanniah

2023

JAGST

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More than half of the world’s population lives in urban areas, and the United Nations has projected that nearly all future global population growth will occur in urban areas. Urbanization has caused rapid industrial, transportation and residential development at the expense of environmental deterioration. Activities involving large-scale land clearances are conducted to satisfy human needs for expansion. The clearances have caused green area fragmentation and patches, especially in the rapidly developing urban areas. This study is aimed at detecting the current coverage of green space in the metropolitan city of Kuala Lumpur (KL), the capital city of Malaysia and monitor its fragmentation using a very high spatial resolution satellite data. Green cover which includes trees, grass, and shrubs of KL was first extracted from the SPOT 6 data using Object Oriented method which can classified the green covers. The fragmented green spaces in KL were analyzed using a range of fragmentation indices namely Number of Patches, Edge Density, Class Area, Total Landscape Area, Mean Patch Size and Mean Shape Index using the Patch Analyst tool embedded in the ArcGIS software version 10.0 to study the patterns of green patches. The connectivity of the green patches was studied and proposed to overcome the fragmentation problems. Kuala Lumpur (KL) was chosen as the case study as it is a rapidly developing city with a significant loss of green space. The urban green spaces were more fragmented as there were more built-up areas. Results of the green cover extraction reveal that the KL city centre had the lowest percentage of green cover (2.09 %) area to the urban area compared to the other five zones (Sentul Manjalara 5.03 %, Wangsa Maju Maluri 6.09 %, Damansara Penchala 11.22 %, Bukit Jalil Seputeh 7.07 % and Bandar Tun Razak Sg Besi 7.42 %). Since KL’s urban growth predominantly consists of compact building blocks, the highest land use was believed to be for commercial purposes. Around 66% of industrial and commercial activities are concentrated in the KL city centre, resulting in a diverse green space structure and a growing gap between patches in the city centre zone. The green patches were then connected to create green corridors in the city centre. Several parameters were involved in the analysis, including area, distance, types of land use (green areas and place of interest for the origin and destination), slopes under 7% value (topology with flat surfaces) and road networks. The origin and destination points were analyzed using the network analysis method in Quantum GIS to produce routes with the shortest path algorithm. Results showed that six routes were suitable for designing green corridors in the KL city centre area connecting green spaces and places of interest. All six routes were analyzed every 400 meters using Google Earth Street View to see the surrounding facilities. The Green Corridor Route 6 was the most appropriate for people, as it included parks and places of interest for city dwellers. The green corridor could then be promoted as a walkable area to minimize carbon emissions in the urban area, reducing the urban heat island phenomenon and increasing green connectivity for a better urban life.

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“…Hija River and Mount Ibu CUAs proactively acknowledged the precautionary function of the CUA and others also appreciated the CUA status; for example, easy to caution non-CUA operators and unmannerly visitors, easy to communicate with public sectors for their support (Nakama River, Oura River, Janabishi, Fukugawa River). Meanwhile, in China, the lack of binding legislation and certification for ecotourism providers makes it hard for consumers to recognise the genuine operators, and hence threatens the sustainable development of the host region [44].…”

Section: Good For the Precautionary Principle But Not Effective For P...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Empowering voluntary approaches for environmental sustainability and resilient communities: a case study from Okinawa, Japan

2022

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What can government do to secure environmental sustainability and resilient communities? We discuss an emerging policy approach in natural tourism resource management in the Okinawa Prefecture using the case of the ‘Conservation and Use Agreement’ (CUA, hereafter) defined in the Act on Special Measures for the Promotion of Okinawa. The CUA is the certification by the Governor of Okinawa Prefecture, which endorses the self-regulation concluded by site-level eco-tour operators. We analysed the legal and administrative structure of the CUA and the implementation process of nine (existing/expired) CUA cases based on thorough literature reviews and in-depth interviews. We discuss three points from the analysis. Firstly, the number of CUAs remains small because of its huge transaction costs compared to the benefits of the status. Secondly, the CUA generally works as a precaution; however, it is not effective for solving the existing overuse issues for its voluntary characteristics. Thirdly, the administrative resources need to be strengthened for better communication with operators to further enhance the implementation.

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Ecotourism in China, Misuse or Genuine Development? An Analysis Based on Map Browser Results

Cited by 11 publications

References 63 publications

Flourishing Women through Sustainable Tourism Entrepreneurship

Flourishing Women through Sustainable Tourism Entrepreneurship

Kuala Lumpur Green Space Fragmentation Index Analysis and Green Corridors Suggestion using Geographic Information System

Empowering voluntary approaches for environmental sustainability and resilient communities: a case study from Okinawa, Japan

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