Tourism Ecological Efficiency and Sustainable Development in the Hanjiang River Basin: A Super-Efficiency Slacks-Based Measure Model Study

Abstract

The Hanjiang River is one of the major tributaries of the Yangtze River, and the Hanjiang River Basin serves as an important link connecting the western and eastern regions of China. As a significant tourist destination, the development of the tourism industry in the Hanjiang River Basin is of great significance for promoting local economic, social, and environmental sustainability. The study of the spatiotemporal evolution of the ecological efficiency of tourism in the Hanjiang River Basin is beneficial for optimizing the investment of tourism resource elements and promoting ecological protection and high-quality development in the area. In this paper, we used the Super-Efficiency Slacks-Based Measure Model to calculate the tourism ecological efficiency of 12 cities in the Hanjiang River Basin from 2010 to 2019 and measured its spatiotemporal evolution and spatial agglomeration using ArcGIS software. The results show that during the study period, the ecological efficiency of tourism in the Hanjiang River Basin presented a phased characteristic of first rising and then falling over time and a heterogeneity characteristic of decreasing in a downward-middle-upward staircase pattern spatially. In addition, the distribution of tourism ecological efficiency exhibited obvious spatial clustering and dependence, with significant low-level homogenization phenomena, which requires strengthening cooperation and coordination among neighboring cities to achieve more efficient resource utilization and higher-quality tourism product development.

Exploring the Impact of Urban Road Network Characteristics on City Fringe Tourist Areas: A Case Study of Xi’an, China

“…Integration reflects important areas that are globally or locally attractive. The accessibility of different network radii shows the attractiveness of the road to travelers at that activity distance, and a network analysis radius of less than 1000 m was used to indicate the attractiveness to slow-moving traffic in a previous study [25].…”

“…Analyzing the spatiotemporal dependencies between different regions in a road network and exploring changes in human activity patterns and travel demands have become popular research themes in recent years [24]. Studying the spatial distribution characteristics of tourist areas can effectively strengthen the coordination relationship between tourist areas and neighboring cities [25]. Changes in road network structures often lead to changes in human activity patterns [26].…”

Sense of Place Attitudes on Quality of Life during the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Case of Iranian Residents in Hungary

“…To claim that a metric is internally compatible, a score of at least 0.7 is required [114]. The composite durability is more acceptable than Cronbach's alpha for PLS modeling [115]. Consequently, researchers can use composite reliability to sub the Cronbach's alpha coefficient [116].…”

Spatial Differences and Drivers of Tourism Ecological Security in China’s Border Areas

“…Ruan, Ma, and Cheng, on the other hand, started with the Yangtze, Yellow, and Han River basin areas, where ecological vulnerability is strong, and used indicator systems and single ratios to measure tourism ecological security in basin-like barrier areas, covering the spatial consistency analysis of tourism ecoefficiency and safety, spatial, and temporal changes in ecological security levels and development predictions, and pointed out the close proximity of geographical space in the region. It was also pointed out that the close spatial proximity of the area causes the internal drivers of tourism ecological security to show correlations and the spatial spillover phenomenon [5,30,31]. It was also pointed out that the close spatial proximity of areas has led to the phenomenon of correlation and spatial spillover of the internal drivers of tourism ecological security.…”