Total zinc quantification by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry and its speciation by size exclusion chromatography–inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry in human milk and commercial formulas: Importance in infant nutrition

Menéndez, Sonia; Sánchez, Marı́a Luisa Fernández; Fernández-Colomer, Belén; Remy, Rafael R. de la Flor St.; Cotallo, Gil Daniel Coto; Freire, Aline Soares; Braz, Bernardo Ferreira; Santelli, Ricardo Erthal; Sanz‐Medel, Alfredo

doi:10.1016/j.chroma.2015.09.021

Cited by 30 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…The comparison of concentration at the same postpartum age shows no statistically significant difference between preterm HM and term HM for six minerals, i.e., potassium, zinc, iodine, selenium, iron, and calcium. These data are in agreement with previous published results for potassium [17,18,28,35,36], zinc [22,37,38], iodine [24,39], and selenium [26,40]. Few papers have reported higher levels of iron in preterm HM during the early lactation period [28,41,42], but some others [43,44] and a more recent one [45], failed to observe any differences.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Longitudinal Changes of Mineral Concentrations in Preterm and Term Human Milk from Lactating Swiss Women

et al. 2019

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An adequate mineral supply to preterm infants is essential for normal growth and development. This study aimed to compare the mineral contents of human milk (HM) from healthy mothers of preterm (28–32 weeks) and full term (>37 weeks) infants. Samples were collected weekly for eight weeks for the term group (n = 34) and, biweekly up to 16 weeks for the preterm group (n = 27). Iron, zinc, selenium, copper, iodine, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium, and sodium were quantitatively analyzed by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry. The mineral contents of both HM showed parallel compositional changes over the period of lactation, with occasional significant differences when compared at the same postpartum age. However, when the comparisons were performed at an equivalent postmenstrual age, preterm HM contained less zinc and copper from week 39 to 48 (p < 0.002) and less selenium from week 39 to 44 (p < 0.002) than term HM. This translates into ranges of differences (min–max) of 53% to 78%, 30% to 72%, and 11% to 33% lower for zinc, copper, and selenium, respectively. These data provide comprehensive information on the temporal changes of ten minerals in preterm HM and may help to increase the accuracy of the mineral fortification of milk for preterm consumption.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Longitudinal Changes of Mineral Concentrations in Preterm and Term Human Milk from Lactating Swiss Women

et al. 2019

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“…In the mammary glands, vesicular zinc is exocytosed into the milk. In addition to being bound to proteins, zinc is bound in a LMW pool in milk, which has been identified as a zinc-citrate complex in humans [69], [70]. Zinc ions form ZnL and ZnL 2 complexes with citrate with different overall charges.…”

Section: The Coordination Of Zinc In the “Free” Zinc Poolmentioning

confidence: 99%

The biological inorganic chemistry of zinc ions

Krężel

Maret

2016

Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics

545

356

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The solution and complexation chemistry of zinc ions is the basis for zinc biology. In living organisms, zinc is redox-inert and has only one valence state: Zn(II). Its coordination environment in proteins is limited by oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur donors from the side chains of a few amino acids. In an estimated 10% of all human proteins, zinc has a catalytic or structural function and remains bound during the lifetime of the protein. However, in other proteins zinc ions bind reversibly with dissociation and association rates commensurate with the requirements in regulation, transport, transfer, sensing, signalling, and storage. In contrast to the extensive knowledge about zinc proteins, the coordination chemistry of the “mobile” zinc ions in these processes, i.e. when not bound to proteins, is virtually unexplored and the mechanisms of ligand exchange are poorly understood. Knowledge of the biological inorganic chemistry of zinc ions is essential for understanding its cellular biology and for designing complexes that deliver zinc to proteins and chelating agents that remove zinc from proteins, for detecting zinc ion species by qualitative and quantitative analysis, and for proper planning and execution of experiments involving zinc ions and nanoparticles such as zinc oxide (ZnO). In most investigations, reference is made to zinc or Zn2+ without full appreciation of how biological zinc ions are buffered and how the d-block cation Zn2+ differs from s-block cations such as Ca2+ with regard to significantly higher affinity for ligands, preference for the donor atoms of ligands, and coordination dynamics. Zinc needs to be tightly controlled. The interaction with low molecular weight ligands such as water and inorganic and organic anions is highly relevant to its biology but in contrast to its coordination in proteins has not been discussed in the biochemical literature. From the discussion in this article, it is becoming evident that zinc ion speciation is important in zinc biochemistry and for biological recognition as a variety of low molecular weight zinc complexes have already been implicated in biological processes, e.g. with ATP, glutathione, citrate, ethylenediaminedisuccinic acid, nicotianamine, or bacillithiol.

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“…Finally, the recent study of Fernandez-Mendez et al [ 177 ] analyzed the Zn content during the first month of lactation, showing high levels of this ion in HC (decreasing over the time) both in preterm and full-term samples [ 177 ].…”

Section: Other Micronutrients and Metallomicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“Omics” in Human Colostrum and Mature Milk: Looking to Old Data with New Eyes

2017

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Human Milk (HM) is the best source for newborn nutrition until at least six months; it exerts anti-inflammatory and anti-infective functions, promotes immune system formation and supports organ development. Breastfeeding could also protect from obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Furthermore, human colostrum (HC) presents a peculiar role in newborn support as a protective effect against allergic and chronic diseases, in addition to long-term metabolic benefits. In this review, we discuss the recent literature regarding “omics” technologies and growth factors (GF) in HC and the effects of pasteurization on its composition. Our aim was to provide new evidence in terms of transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and microbiomics, also in relation to maternal metabolic diseases and/or fetal anomalies and to underline the functions of GF. Since HC results are so precious, particularly for the vulnerable pre-terms category, we also discuss the importance of HM pasteurization to ensure donated HC even to neonates whose mothers are unable to provide. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first review analyzing in detail the molecular pattern, microbiota, bioactive factors, and dynamic profile of HC, finding clinical correlations of such mediators with their possible in vivo effects and with the consequent impact on neonatal outcomes.

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Total zinc quantification by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry and its speciation by size exclusion chromatography–inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry in human milk and commercial formulas: Importance in infant nutrition

Cited by 30 publications

References 40 publications

Longitudinal Changes of Mineral Concentrations in Preterm and Term Human Milk from Lactating Swiss Women

Longitudinal Changes of Mineral Concentrations in Preterm and Term Human Milk from Lactating Swiss Women

The biological inorganic chemistry of zinc ions

“Omics” in Human Colostrum and Mature Milk: Looking to Old Data with New Eyes

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