Total cost of ownership, payback, and consumer preference modeling of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles

Al-Alawi, Baha M.; Bradley, Thomas H.

doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2012.10.009

Cited by 172 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Factor analysis indicates that state strategic support and charging point placement are crucial elements to EVs spread adoption [9,25,26,35]. It supports the hypotheses 3 and 4.…”

Section: Public Policy and Price Incentivesupporting

confidence: 68%

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Analysis of Barriers to Wide Spread Adoption of Electric Vehicles in Shenzhen China

Wang

Yang

et al. 2017

Preprint

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China planned to promote the large-scale adoption of Electric Vehicles (EVs) in the thirteenth five-year plan, however, this target faces many obstacles. This paper was trying to analyze the main barriers to widespread adoption of EVs through a survey in Shenzhen, which has the biggest EVs market share in China major cities. Based on previous scholarly findings, this paper conducted a new study which collected 406 approved questionnaires among 500 participants. The study proposed five hypotheses to examine the main barriers to widespread adoption of EVs. The analysis conducted by statistical methods: two-way frequency tables, chi-square test, and factor analysis. The results noted that perception of EVs advantages and recharging access remained the main barriers to EVs large-scale penetration. Besides, financial incentives drop would not cause a significant decline of EVs adoption in future. The study proposed suggestions to carmaker and government policy administrator on the analysis and discussion.

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“…Factor analysis indicates that state strategic support and charging point placement are crucial elements to EVs spread adoption [9,25,26,35]. It supports the hypotheses 3 and 4.…”

Section: Public Policy and Price Incentivesupporting

confidence: 68%

“…It verifies the public policy driven and environmental knowledge education from the central and local government of China. Consistence with previous findings, an inverse proportional to the preference in regression analysis indicates that consumers also aim for lower using cost with EVs [11,21,26].…”

Section: Preference For Evsmentioning

confidence: 77%

Analysis of Barriers to Wide Spread Adoption of Electric Vehicles in Shenzhen China

Wang

Yang

et al. 2017

Preprint

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“…This paper shows that the cost of unachievable VMT has a significant impact on the TCO modeling, such that if another low cost vehicle (e.g., second conventional vehicle in house) is available, the BEV-75 is more cost effective than having another conventional vehicle. A TCO model of PHEVs with details such as maintenance costs, and salvage value are formulated in [129]. This paper compares the proposed model with previous studies in this area and demonstrates using a sensitivity analysis that the results are very sensitive to the value of uncertain parameters like fuel cost.…”

Section: Ev Types and Evolutionmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…However, the maintenance and energy cost of EVs are much less than that of the conventional one. In order to help customers to choose a vehicle type, TCO of EVs is investigated in [124,[128][129][130]. In [128], TCO for annual VMT is developed based on a large data set of driving profiles from Germany.…”

Section: Ev Types and Evolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrical Market Management Considering Power System Constraints in Smart Distribution Grids

Divshali

Choi

2016

Energies

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Rising demand, climate change, growing fuel costs, outdated power system infrastructures, and new power generation technologies have made renewable distribution generators very attractive in recent years. Because of the increasing penetration level of renewable energy sources in addition to the growth of new electrical demand sectors, such as electrical vehicles, the power system may face serious problems and challenges in the near future. A revolutionary new power grid system, called smart grid, has been developed as a solution to these problems. The smart grid, equipped with modern communication and computation infrastructures, can coordinate different parts of the power system to enhance energy efficiency, reliability, and quality, while decreasing the energy cost. Since conventional distribution networks lack smart infrastructures, much research has been recently done in the distribution part of the smart grid, called smart distribution grid (SDG). This paper surveys contemporary literature in SDG from the perspective of the electricity market in addition to power system considerations. For this purpose, this paper reviews current demand side management methods, supply side management methods, and electrical vehicle charging and discharging techniques in SDG and also discusses their drawbacks. We also present future research directions to tackle new and existing challenges in the SDG.

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“…Nonetheless, a significant amount of attention has been given to PHEVs in the scientific literature. Popular topics are the optimization of battery capacity [28,[31][32][33], the environmental impact of the dual technology [34,35], and total cost of ownership [36][37][38][39]. Whereas the automotive industry regards PHEVs as an important asset for reaching future GHG and pollutant emission targets [40], the question remains which future market share this expensive dual technology is destined for, as EVs are gaining momentum and battery innovation aims for driving ranges equaling those of conventional petrol cars, while the cost difference decreases as well.…”

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confidence: 99%

In-Life Range Modularity for Electric Vehicles: The Environmental Impact of a Range-Extender Trailer System

et al. 2018

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Abstract:Purpose: In the light of decarbonizing the passenger car sector, several technologies are available today. In this paper, we distinguish plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV), electric vehicles (EV) with a modest battery capacity of 40 kWh, and long-range EVs with 90 kWh installed. Given that the average motorist only rarely performs long-distance trips, both the PHEV and the 90 kWh EV are considered to be over-dimensioned for their purpose, although consumers tend to perceive the 40 kWh EV's range as too limiting. Therefore, in-life range modularity by means of occasionally using a range-extender trailer for a 40 kWh EV is proposed, based on either a petrol generator as a short-term solution or a 50 kWh battery pack. Method: A life cycle assessment (LCA) is presented for comparing the different powertrains for their environmental impact, with the emphasis on local air quality and climate change. Therefore, the combination of a 40 kWh EV and the trailer options is benchmarked with a range of conventional cars and EVs, differentiated per battery capacity. Next, the local impact per technology is discussed on a well-to-wheel base for the specific situation in Belgium, with specific attention given to the contribution of non-exhaust emissions of PM due to brake, tyre, and road wear. Results: From a life cycle point of view, the trailer concepts outperform the 90 kWh EV for the discussed midpoint indicators as the latter is characterized by a high manufacturing impact and by a mass penalty resulting in higher contributions to non-exhaust PM formation. Compared to a petrol PHEV, both trailers are found to have higher contributions to diminished local air quality, given the relatively low use phase impact of petrol combustion. Concerning human toxicity, the impact is proportional to battery size, although the battery trailer performs better than the 90 kWh EV due to its occasional application rather than carrying along such high capacity all the time. For climate change, we see a clear advantage of both the petrol and the battery trailer, with reductions ranging from one-third to nearly sixty percent, respectively. Conclusion: Whereas electrified powertrains have the potential to add to better urban air quality, their life cycle impact cannot be neglected as battery manufacturing remains a substantial contributor to the EV's overall impact. Therefore, in-life range modularity helps to reduce this burden by offering an extended range only when it is needed. This is relevant to bridge the years up until cleaner battery chemistries break through, while the energy production sector increases the implementation of renewables. Petrol generator trailers are no long-term solution but should be seen as an intermediate means until battery technology costs have further dropped to make it economically feasible to commercialize battery trailer range-extenders. Next, active regulation is required for non-exhaust PM emissions as they could dominate locally in the future if more renewables would be applied in the electrici...

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Total cost of ownership, payback, and consumer preference modeling of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles

Cited by 172 publications

References 9 publications

Analysis of Barriers to Wide Spread Adoption of Electric Vehicles in Shenzhen China

Analysis of Barriers to Wide Spread Adoption of Electric Vehicles in Shenzhen China

Electrical Market Management Considering Power System Constraints in Smart Distribution Grids

In-Life Range Modularity for Electric Vehicles: The Environmental Impact of a Range-Extender Trailer System

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