Torque Optimization of a Seven-Phase Bi-harmonic PMSM in Healthy and Degraded Mode

Zhang, Hao; Zhao, Benbo; Gong, Jinlin; Xu, Yanliang; Vu, Duc Tan; Nguyen, Ngac Ky; Semail, Eric; Moraes, Tiago José dos Santos

doi:10.1109/icems.2019.8921839

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 12 publications

(11 reference statements)

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“…A commercial five-phase SPM machine is taken as reference [26], and a three-phase V-shaped IPM machine [9] and a seven-phase axial flux machine (AFM) are designed. Based on the previous AFM machine, a third rotor with V-shaped PMs of different poles is designed [27], which is a hybrid flux (radial and axial) machine (HFM). Considering the magnetic flux direction, PM shape and the number of phases, four machines were selected for comparison.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative Comparisons of Outer-Rotor Permanent Magnet Machines of Different Structures/Phases for In-Wheel Electrical Vehicle Application

et al. 2022

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As one of the key components, low-speed direct-drive in-wheel machines with high compact volume and high torque density are important for the traction system of electric vehicles (EVs). This paper introduces four different types of outer-rotor permanent magnet motors for EVs, including one five-phase SPM machine, one three-phase IPM machine with V-shaped PMs, one seven-phase axial flux machine (AFM) of sandwich structure and finally one hybrid flux (radial and axial) machine with a third rotor with V-shaped PMs added to the AFM. Firstly, the design criteria and basic operation principle are compared and discussed. Then, the key properties are analyzed using the Finite Element Method (FEM). The electromagnetic properties of the four fractional slot tooth concentrated winding in-wheel motors with similar dimensions are quantitatively compared, including air-gap flux density, electromotive force, field weakening capability, torque density, losses, and fault tolerant capability. The results show that the multi-phase motors have high torque density and high fault tolerance and are suitable for direct drive applications in EVs.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative Comparisons of Outer-Rotor Permanent Magnet Machines of Different Structures/Phases for In-Wheel Electrical Vehicle Application

et al. 2022

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“…Optimizing the dimension of PMs and slot entrance designs, along with an optimal selection of slot/pole combinations for OR-SPMSM, has a high impact on the slotting effect and air-gap flux density of the machine and hence effectively results in the cogging torque reduction. In addition, with the advent of power electronic converters, the multiphase drive system, with advantages such as reduction of torque pulsation and providing higher torque pulsation frequencies, can apply to electric motor drive systems [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26]. Marmaras et al [3] studied the behavior of the EV drivers and their impact on electricity and transport electrification systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimized Torque Performance of a 7-Phase Outer-Rotor Surface-Mounted Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine for In-Wheel E-Motorcycle Application

2022

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Four outer rotor surface-mounted permanent magnet synchronous machines (SMPSM), supplied by a seven-phase drive system, are proposed in this study, considering different q (number of stator slot per phase per pole ratio) to achieve a satisfying value of electromagnetic torque and Back-Electromotive Force (Back-EMF) with lower torque pulsation. Accordingly, the proposed configurations are investigated, and results are comparatively reported. Thus based on the results, the best-performing configuration, the candidate model, which presents the lowest torque pulsation with a desirable value of Tavg and Back-EMF is selected. In order to demonstrate the advantages of this candidate model, an optimization analysis is performed using 2D Finite Element Analysis (FEA). The resultant values of the variables are applied, designing three optimized models. Performance results of the optimized models demonstrate that TCog reduced noticeably and TRipple declined below 5%. The Artemis Drive-Cycles analysis results are also included for the best-optimized model, considering E-Motorcycle requirements and properties for urban, rural, and motorway driving conditions. Accordingly, in terms of In-Wheel application of the optimized machine, high torque/power density along with high values of PF and efficient performance are provided for E-Motorcycle application.

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“…It is shown that the torque can be increased by 8.6% with negligible torque ripple. Seven-phase dual-harmonic PMSMs are modelled and control systems developed for healthy and faulted operation in [20], [21]. A further interesting research, related to the low-order harmonic utilisation in n-phase machines, was presented in [22], where a novel heuristic algorithm for symmetrical fractional slot concentrated winding multiphase PMSM design, which maximizes the output average torque under the current harmonic injection, was developed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

General Torque Enhancement Approach for a Nine-Phase Surface PMSM With Built-In Fault Tolerance

Slunjski

Stiscia

Jones

et al. 2021

IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron.

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The paper investigates maximum possible torque improvement in a two-pole surface permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM) with a reduced magnet span, which causes production of highly nonsinusoidal back-EMF. It contains a high third and fifth harmonics, which can be used for the torque enhancement, using stator current harmonic injection. Optimal magnet span is studied first and it is shown that with such a value the machine would be able to develop an insignificantly lower maximum torque than with the full magnet span. Next, field-oriented control (FOC) algorithm, which considers all non-fundamental EMF components lower than the machine phase number, is devised. Using maximum-torque per Ampere (MTPA) principles, optimal ratios between fundamental and all other injected components are calculated and then used in the drive control. The output torque can be in this way increased up to 45% with respect to the one obtainable with fundamental current only. Alternatively, for the same load torque, stator current RMS value can be reduced by 45%. Last but not least, a method for position sensor fault mitigation is introduced. It is based on the alternative use of a back-EMF harmonic for rotor position estimation, instead of the torque enhancement. Experimental verification is provided throughout for all the relevant aspects.

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Torque Optimization of a Seven-Phase Bi-harmonic PMSM in Healthy and Degraded Mode

Cited by 4 publications

References 12 publications

Quantitative Comparisons of Outer-Rotor Permanent Magnet Machines of Different Structures/Phases for In-Wheel Electrical Vehicle Application

Quantitative Comparisons of Outer-Rotor Permanent Magnet Machines of Different Structures/Phases for In-Wheel Electrical Vehicle Application

Optimized Torque Performance of a 7-Phase Outer-Rotor Surface-Mounted Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine for In-Wheel E-Motorcycle Application

General Torque Enhancement Approach for a Nine-Phase Surface PMSM With Built-In Fault Tolerance

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