Tomato Juice Consumption Modifies the Urinary Peptide Profile in Sprague-Dawley Rats with Induced Hepatic Steatosis

Abstract

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common liver disorder in Western countries, with a high prevalence, and has been shown to increase the risk of type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease (CVD), etc. Tomato products contain several natural antioxidants, including lycopene—which has displayed a preventive effect on the development of steatosis and CVD. Accordingly, the aim of the present work was to evaluate the effect of tomato juice consumption on the urinary peptide profile in rats with NAFLD induced by an atherogenic diet and to identify potential peptide biomarkers for diagnosis. Urine samples, collected weekly for four weeks, were analyzed by capillary electrophoresis (CE) coupled to a mass spectrometer (MS). A partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) was carried out to explore the association between differential peptides and treatments. Among the 888 peptides initially identified, a total of 55 were obtained as potential biomarkers. Rats with steatosis after tomato juice intake showed a profile intermediate between that of healthy rats and that of rats with induced hepatic steatosis. Accordingly, tomato products could be considered as a dietary strategy for the impairment of NAFLD, although further research should be carried out to develop a specific biomarkers panel for NAFLD.

Protective Potential of Lycopene Enriched Tomato Extract against Dexamethasone Induced Hepatic and Renal Damage in Mice

“…Zeng et al [69] have demonstrated that lycopene improved insulin sensitivity in mice that were fed a high fat diet. Lycopene is known to raise insulin levels and concomitantly decrease body glucose levels [70,71]. Tomatoes have been considered beneficial in hyperglycemic/diabetic conditions because they mitigate diabetes induced tissue damage, atherosclerosis, inflammation, oxidative stress etc.…”

Recent advances in capillary electrophoresis‐mass spectrometry: Instrumentation, methodology and applications

“…Other examples for the application of multi‐dimensional marker were published , and the application of CE‐MS in urinary peptidomics for the diagnosis of CKD was reviewed recently . Urinary peptidomics by CE‐MS was furthermore used for the identification of biomarkers for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease , diastolic left ventricular dysfunction , end‐stage renal disease , chronic graft‐versus‐host disease , non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease and systemic lupus erythematosus . A chiral CE‐MS method was published by Švidrnoch to determine D/L‐2‐hydroxyglutaric acid without derivatization in urine as biomarker for a rare neurometabolic disorder .…”

Capillary Electrophoresis: Trends and Recent Advances

“…CE-MS of peptides has become quite a routine technique and is applied frequently in untargeted proteomics and peptidomics fields. For example, urine samples were screened for peptides − as suitable biomarkers of disease, revealing specific biomarkers related to heart failure, deep vein thrombosis, and pulmonary embolism . Related to this, the suitability of mice as models for human aging was investigated by investigating the urinary proteome of the mice .…”