Tolerance Values and the Confidence Level for High-Altitude Electromagnetic Pulse (HEMP) Field Tests

Sabath, Frank; Potthast, S.

doi:10.1109/temc.2012.2237032

Cited by 23 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…All illuminations can then be treated as independent events. As discussed in [10], if there are k times of malfunction in all N illuminations, its probability is the standard Binomial distribution of probability, as shown in Eq. (2).…”

Section: Confidence Levelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Whether it is caused by the HEMP environment or the system itself is commonly difficult to determine. Thus, as [10] suggests, at a particular threat level, orientation, working mode and polarization, if the malfunction occurs no less than 2 times in N illuminations, it is reasonable to believe that the cause is the HEMP environment. Hence, the probability that the SUT fails in the immunity test is…”

Section: Confidence Levelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Compared to [10], all the differences are derived from the definition of the confidence probability. In [10], it is defined as…”

Section: Confidence Levelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…is the probability of cases 1 and 3. p fail is the probability of cases 5 and 6. So p c in [10] is the sum of the probability of cases 1, 3, 5, and 6 in Table 1.…”

Section: Confidence Levelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The appropriate number should be studied with a statistical method. In [10], the test procedure and characteristics of SUT are analyzed. Based on the analysis, confidence level of HEMP field tests is proposed and discussed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Confidence Level of High-Altitude Electromagnetic Pulse Field Tests

Zhu¹,

Yang²,

Shi³

et al. 2019

PIER Letters

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High-altitude electromagnetic pulse (HEMP) field tests are conducted in the working volume of HEMP simulators to verify the hardness or HEMP survivability of the systems under test. For HEMP field tests, enough confidence should be provided through certain specific test designs. In this paper, the confidence probability of HEMP field tests is defined through a statistical analysis. Based on this definition, the confidence level of the tests is proposed to address the problem that the probability of a failure or significant upset is unknown. The relation between the number of repeated illuminations in one test status and confidence level is provided after analysis. By balancing cost and confidence level, an appropriate number of the repeated illuminations for each test status can be obtained. The comparison with the definition in another article is also made.

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Section: Confidence Levelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Confidence Levelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Compared to [10], all the differences are derived from the definition of the confidence probability. In [10], it is defined as…”

Section: Confidence Levelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…is the probability of cases 1 and 3. p fail is the probability of cases 5 and 6. So p c in [10] is the sum of the probability of cases 1, 3, 5, and 6 in Table 1.…”

Section: Confidence Levelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Confidence Level of High-Altitude Electromagnetic Pulse Field Tests

Zhu¹,

Yang²,

Shi³

et al. 2019

PIER Letters

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Analysis and application on sensitivity factors of cross validation of fill rate of CPR1000 unit reactor core coolant monitoring system

Chen

Xie

Zuo

et al. 2019

Annals of Nuclear Energy

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A compact mesoband microwave radiation system

Wu¹,

Xu²,

Lu³

et al. 2022

Review of Scientific Instruments

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A compact mesoband radiation system is designed and tested. The system is composed of a charging power supply, a Marx generator, a switched quarter-wavelength oscillator, and a circularly polarized patch antenna. The Marx generator outputs a fast high-voltage pulse with a rise time of 10 ns and an amplitude of 100 kV, which is used to charge the oscillator. The oscillator consists of a quarter-wavelength coaxial transmission line, a ring ground switch, and a coupler. It generates a mesoband oscillation pulse with a center frequency of 350 MHz and a percentage bandwidth of 10%. The oscillation pulse is radiated by the circularly polarized patch antenna. The measured radiation factor is greater than 50 kV, and the radiation waveform is consistent with the simulation waveform.

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Tolerance Values and the Confidence Level for High-Altitude Electromagnetic Pulse (HEMP) Field Tests

Cited by 23 publications

References 0 publications

Confidence Level of High-Altitude Electromagnetic Pulse Field Tests

Confidence Level of High-Altitude Electromagnetic Pulse Field Tests

Analysis and application on sensitivity factors of cross validation of fill rate of CPR1000 unit reactor core coolant monitoring system

A compact mesoband microwave radiation system

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