Titanium particles: An emerging risk factor for peri-implant bone loss

Berryman, Zoë; Bridger, Laura; Hussaini, Haizal Mohd; Rich, Alison M.; Atieh, Momen A.; Tawse‐Smith, Andrew

doi:10.1016/j.sdentj.2019.09.008

Cited by 42 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 26 publications

(36 reference statements)

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“…However, it is uncertain how long the released Ti products are retained in the implant vicinity and whether they make an impact on the implant surface. Nevertheless, several studies reported the presence of higher Ti products on the tissues surrounding the implant, especially in case of peri-implantitis [ 2 , 36 , 37 ]. Moreover, in an in vitro study, Barão et al demonstrated that LPS increased the Ti corrosion despite the fact that the duration of the standard electrochemical tests used is considered relatively short [ 28 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ti-Ions and/or Particles in Saliva Potentially Aggravate Dental Implant Corrosion

et al. 2021

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The corrosive titanium products in peri-implant tissues are a potential risk factor for peri-implantitis. There is very limited information available on the effect of the corrosion and wear products on the dental implant corrosion. Therefore, we determined the influence of Ti-ions and Ti-particles on Ti corrosion. Eighteen commercially pure-Ti-grade-2 discs were polished to mirror-shine. Samples were divided into six groups (n = 3) as a function of electrolytes; (A) Artificial saliva (AS), (B) AS with Ti-ions (the electrolyte from group A, after corrosion), (C) AS with Ti-particles 10 ppm (D) AS with Ti-particles 20 ppm, (E) AS with Ti-ions 10 ppm, and (F) AS with Ti-ions 20 ppm. Using Tafel’s method, corrosion potential (Ecorr) and current density (Icorr) were estimated from potentiodynamic curves. Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) data were used to construct Nyquist and Bode plots, and an equivalent electrical circuit was used to assess the corrosion kinetics. The corroded surfaces were examined through a 3D-white-light microscope and scanning electronic microscopy. The data demonstrated that the concentration of Ti-ions and corrosion rate (Icorr) are strongly correlated (r = 0.997, p = 0.046). This study indicated that high Ti-ion concentration potentially aggravates corrosion. Under such a severe corrosion environment, there is a potential risk of increased implant associated adverse tissue reactions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ti-Ions and/or Particles in Saliva Potentially Aggravate Dental Implant Corrosion

et al. 2021

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“…Physical and chemical decontamination methods in the treatment of peri-implantitis can also induce the release of titanium debris to the surrounding tissues [13,64]. Previous studies showed that sonic and ultrasonic scalers with metal tips cause considerable changes onto implant surfaces [49,64].…”

Section: Release Of Titanium Debris From Dental Implantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytotoxic effects of submicron- and nano-scale titanium debris released from dental implants: an integrative review

et al. 2021

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Objective:The objective of this study was to perform a systematic review on the toxic effect of submicron and nano-scale commercially pure titanium (cp Ti) debris on cells of peri-implant tissues. Materials and Methods:A systematic review was carried out on the PUBMED electronic platform using the following keywords: Ti "OR" titanium "AND" dental implants "AND" nanoparticles "OR" nano-scale debris "OR" nanometric debris "AND" osteoblasts "OR "Cytotoxicity" OR "mutagenic" Results: Titanium nanoparticles in submicron-and nano-scale altered the behavior of cells in culture medium. An inflammatory response was triggered by macrophages, fibroblasts, osteoblasts, mesenchymal cells, and odontoblasts as indicated by the detection of several inflammatory mediators: IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α and PGE2. The formation of a rich bioactive complex composed of calcium and phosphorus on titanium nanoparticles allowed the binding to proteins leading the cell internalization phenomenon. The nano-particles induced mutagenic and carcinogenic effects into the cells. Conclusions:The cytotoxic effect of debris released from dental implants depends on the size, concentrations, and chemical composition of the particles. A high concentration of particles on nanometric scale intensifies the inflammatory responses with mutagenic potential of the surrounding cells.Clinical relevance: Titanium (Ti) ions and debris have been detected in peri-implant tissues with different sizes and forms. The presence of metallic debris at peri-implant tissues also stimulates the migration of immune cells and inflamatory reactions. Cp Ti and TiO 2 micro-and nano-scale particles can reach the blood stream, accumulating in lungs, liver, spleen, and bone marrow.

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“…Stress concentration on the implant surface destroys the titanium oxide layer on the body of implant and wares the cover, then releases the Ti particles. Almost all implant implantation processes involve the release associated with implant torque, implant surface roughness 5 , surface topography 56 , and titanium oxide layer density.…”

Section: Cause Of Releasementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a healthy human body, titanium content should not exceed 15 mg per 70 kg body weight. Studied have demonstrated that titanium implants in bones could continuously release titanium particles (Ti particles) 5 , 6 , which may last from a few hours to several months. Generally, these particles are highly insoluble and difficult to eliminate from the body, usually distributed in the hard and soft tissue around the implant 7 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The unfavorable role of titanium particles released from dental implants

Zhou¹,

Shi²,

Wang³

et al. 2021

Nanotheranostics

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Titanium is considered to be a metal material with the best biological safety. Studies have proved that the titanium implanted in the bone continuously releases titanium particles (Ti particles), significantly increasing the total titanium content in human body. Generally, Ti particles are released slowly without causing a systemic immune response. However, the continuous increased local concentration may result in damage to the intraepithelial homeostasis, aggravation of inflammatory reaction in the surrounding tissues, bone resorption and implant detachment. They also migrate with blood flow and aggregate in the distal organ. The release of Ti particles is affected by the score of the implant surface structure, microenvironment wear and corrosion, medical operation wear, and so on, but the specific mechanism is not clear. Thus, it difficult to prevent the release completely. This paper reviews the causes of the Ti particles formation, the damage to the surrounding tissue, and its mechanism, in particular, methods for reducing the release and toxicity of the Ti particles.

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Titanium particles: An emerging risk factor for peri-implant bone loss

Cited by 42 publications

References 26 publications

Ti-Ions and/or Particles in Saliva Potentially Aggravate Dental Implant Corrosion

Ti-Ions and/or Particles in Saliva Potentially Aggravate Dental Implant Corrosion

Cytotoxic effects of submicron- and nano-scale titanium debris released from dental implants: an integrative review

The unfavorable role of titanium particles released from dental implants

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