Titanium (III) cation selective electrode based on synthesized tris(2pyridyl) methylamine ionophore and its application in water samples

Abstract

The introduction of low detection limit ion selective electrodes (ISEs) may well pave the way for the determination of trace targets of cationic compounds. This research focuses on the detection of titanium (III) cation using a new PVC-membrane sensor based on synthesized tris(2pyridyl) methylamine (tpm) ionophore. The application and validation of the proposed sensor was done using potentiometric titration, inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES), and atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS). The membrane sensor exhibited a Nernstian response to the titanium (III) cation over a concentration range of 1.0 × 10−6–1.0 × 10−2 M and pH range from 1–2.5. The Nernstian slope, the lower of detection (LOD), and the response time (t95%) of the proposed sensor were 29.17 ± 0.24 mV/dec, 7.9 × 10−7 M, and 20 s, respectively. The direct determination of 4–39 μg/ml of titanium (III) standard solution showed an average recovery of 94.60 and a mean relative standard deviation of 1.8 at 100.0 μg/ml. Finally, the utilization of the electrodes as end-point indicators for potentiometric titration with EDTA solutions for titanium (III) sensor was successfully carried out.

Highly Selective Detection of Titanium (III) in Industrial Waste Water Samples Using Meso-octamethylcalix[4]pyrrole-Doped PVC Membrane Ion-Selective Electrode

“…On the other hand, Cassaignon et al revealed that the process of dissolution and hydrolysis of titanium chloride (which was employed as a source of titanium in current study) is a multivariate process, in which the existence of each species relies on different variables such as pH, temperature and titanium concentration [11]. The obtained result confirmed that, in the pH range of 1 to 3, the main species of titanium in the solution is Ti(OH)(H 2 O) 5 2+ which is in agreement with the Nernstian slope of 29.49 AE 0.16 (mV per decade of activity) for the double charged cationic species [21].…”

“…As it can be for mono, bi and tri-valent interfering cations. Moreover, Table 3 revealed that the selectivity behaviour of the developed electrode shows a considerable improvement compared to the previously reported Ti 3+ -selective electrode [36].…”

Low pressure solubilities of CO2 in guanidinium trifluoromethanesulfonate–MDEA systems

“…The model training was carried out to determine the root mean squared error (RMSE) as an error function by the testing data set and quick propagation (QP) algorithm. The training was repeated 10 times for each node in order to avoid random correlation due to the random initialization of the weight [50]. Among the repeated results, the architectures with minimum RMSE were selected as the best topologies for each node in hidden layer.…”

“…[OTf]-MDEA systems for low pressure CO 2 solubility was carried out by NeuralPower software version 2.525 [27,30,50] . The concentration of [gua][OTf], MDEA and the concentration of injected CO 2 in mole were selected as independent variables (inputs); while mole of CO 2 absorbed was selected as dependent variable (output).…”

A Novel Potentiometric Sensor Based on 1,2-Bis(N’-benzoylthioureido)benzene and Reduced Graphene Oxide for Determination of Lead (II) Cation in Raw Milk

“…New ionophores in construction of ion selective electrodes have been extensively studied [2][3][4]. During the last decade, the potentiometric and voltammetric sensors based on ionophores with high selectivity for specific metal ions have been developed to detect respective metal ions [5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. Heavy metal ions with consanguineous attraction connection and soft coordination center such as N, S, Se, and P have been reported; therefore, the functional groups containing N, S, Se, and P atoms in thioether, thiaayloxy, arylthiaalkoxy, pyridyl and benzothiazoyl groups would significantly improve the selectivity of ionophore to the heavy metal ion [12][13][14][15][16][17].…”