Titanium for Electrochemical Processes

Bewer, G.; Debrodt, H.; Herbst, H.

doi:10.1007/bf03337977

Cited by 14 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The corrosion resistance of titanium is due to the formation of a protective and selfadherent oxide film, mainly composed of titanium dioxide TiO 2 [2]. For this reason, titanium is widely used for handling nitric acid in industrial applications and marine environments [3]. Nevertheless, titanium is severely attacked in reducing acids [1], except when oxidizing species, such as oxygen, ferric, cupric and chromic ions, are present [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical behavior of titanium‐tantalum alloys in sulfuric acid solutions

Souza¹,

Robin²

2004

Materials & Corrosion

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Titanium exhibits a good corrosion resistance in oxidizing acids and neutral media but it is severely attacked in reducing acids. On the contrary, tantalum presents an excellent resistance in both oxidizing and reducing acids, but its high cost limits its use to very aggressive conditions. The titanium-tantalum alloys are promising materials for use in reducing acids, due to their lower cost and density when compared to tantalum, and their higher corrosion resistance when compared to titanium. Titanium-20, 40, 60 and 80 wt% tantalum alloys were prepared by arc-melting and their microstructures were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and Xray diffractometry. Their electrochemical behaviors were studied in 20 to 80 wt% sulfuric acid solutions at room temperature, using open-circuit potential measurements, potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Different behaviors were observed depending on the tantalum content and acid concentration. A clear tendency of increase in corrosion resistance with the increase of tantalum content is observed, especially in 80 wt% sulfuric acid solutions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical behavior of titanium‐tantalum alloys in sulfuric acid solutions

Souza¹,

Robin²

2004

Materials & Corrosion

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“…However, for the scan rates used here the depletion layer is significantly smaller (of the order of 0.05 mm) than the separation between adjacent microcylinders (≈0.8 mm) and the depletion zones are not expected to overlap. Second, the rate of heterogeneous electron transfer may be very low, perhaps involving electron tunnelling across the oxide layer (Bewer et al, 1982 ; Heakal and Awad, 2011 ), causing the well-defined peaks typically associated with close to ideally reversible couples, such as [Ru(bpy) 3 ] 2+ , ferrocene-methanol and ferro/ferricyanide, to become distorted.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…layer (Bewer et al, 1982;Heakal and Awad, 2011), causing the well-defined peaks typically associated with close to ideally reversible couples, such as [Ru(bpy) 3 ] 2+ , ferrocene-methanol and ferro/ferricyanide, to become distorted.…”

Section: Properties Of Gold Coated Arraysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemiluminescence at 3D Printed Titanium Electrodes

et al. 2021

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The fabrication and electrochemical properties of a 3D printed titanium electrode array are described. The array comprises 25 round cylinders (0.015 cm radius, 0.3 cm high) that are evenly separated on a 0.48 × 0.48 cm square porous base (total geometric area of 1.32 cm2). The electrochemically active surface area consists of fused titanium particles and exhibits a large roughness factor ≈17. In acidic, oxygenated solution, the available potential window is from ~-0.3 to +1.2 V. The voltammetric response of ferrocyanide is quasi-reversible arising from slow heterogeneous electron transfer due to the presence of a native/oxidatively formed oxide. Unlike other metal electrodes, both [Ru(bpy)3]1+ and [Ru(bpy)3]3+ can be created in aqueous solutions which enables electrochemiluminescence to be generated by an annihilation mechanism. Depositing a thin gold layer significantly increases the standard heterogeneous electron transfer rate constant, ko, by a factor of ~80 to a value of 8.0 ± 0.4 × 10−3 cm s−1 and the voltammetry of ferrocyanide becomes reversible. The titanium and gold coated arrays generate electrochemiluminescence using tri-propyl amine as a co-reactant. However, the intensity of the gold-coated array is between 30 (high scan rate) and 100-fold (slow scan rates) higher at the gold coated arrays. Moreover, while the voltammetry of the luminophore is dominated by semi-infinite linear diffusion, the ECL response is significantly influenced by radial diffusion to the individual microcylinders of the array.

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“…Independent of the detailed nature of the mate- Sintered titanium anodes (STA) have been developed by Sigri. In these electrodes, an intermediate layer of sintered titanium suboxide is applied between the titanium substrate and the coating, which gives improved mechanical stability, excellent adhesion to sintered titanium structures, and increased active surface area [205], [206]. Imperial Chemical Industries (ICI) has used these anodes in large-scale production since 1971.…”

Section: Electrodesmentioning

confidence: 99%