Tissue dyslipidemia in salmonella-infected rats treated with amoxillin and pefloxacin

Abstract

BackgroundThis study investigated the effects of salmonella infection and its chemotherapy on lipid metabolism in tissues of rats infected orally with Salmonella typhimurium and treated intraperitoneally with pefloxacin and amoxillin.MethodsAnimals were infected with Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium strain TA 98. After salmonellosis was confirmed, they were divided into 7 groups of 5 animals each. While one group served as infected control group, three groups were treated with amoxillin (7.14 mg/kg body weight, 8 hourly) and the remaining three groups with pefloxacin (5.71mg/kg body weight, 12 hourly) for 5 and 10 days respectively. Uninfected control animals received 0.1ml of vehicle. Rats were sacrificed 24h after 5 and 10 days of antibiotic treatment and 5 days after discontinuation of antibiotic treatment. Their corresponding controls were also sacrificed at the same time point. Blood and tissue lipids were then evaluated.ResultsSalmonella infection resulted in dyslipidemia characterised by increased concentrations of free fatty acids (FFA) in plasma and erythrocyte, as well as enhanced cholesterogenesis, hypertriglyceridemia and phospholipidosis in plasma, low density lipoprotein-very low density lipoprotein (LDL-VLDL), erythrocytes, erythrocyte ghost and the organs. The antibiotics reversed the dyslipidemia but not totally. A significant correlation was observed between fecal bacterial load and plasma cholesterol (r=0.456, p<0.01), plasma triacyglycerols (r=0.485, p<0.01), plasma phospholipid (r=0.414, p<0.05), plasma free fatty acids (r=0.485, p<0.01), liver phospholipid (r=0.459, p<0.01) and brain phospholipid (r=0.343, p<0.05).ConclusionThe findings of this study suggest that salmonella infection in rats and its therapy with pefloxacin and amoxillin perturb lipid metabolism and this perturbation is characterised by cholesterogenesis.

Acute aflatoxin B1 – Induced hepatotoxicity alters gene expression and disrupts lipid and lipoprotein metabolism in rats

“…Alterations in lipids and lipoproteins may play a role in the pathogenesis of coronary heart diseases (CHD) [32] , [37] , [38] . Although, total HDL-cholesterol has been known as “good” cholesterol which protects from these diseases because of its ability to remove cholesterol from peripheral tissues, other studies have indicated the importance of studying the distinct subclasses of this lipoprotein because they remove cholesterol from cells by different mechanisms [39] , [40] , [41] .…”

“…Plasma phospholipids were determined as described by Rifai et al [30] , using 1-amino-2-naptho-4-sulphonic acid reagent, while free fatty acids (FFA) were determined spectrophotometrically at 620 nm as described by Rotimi et al [32] .…”

Naringin enhances reverse cholesterol transport in high fat/low streptozocin induced diabetic rats

“…The supernatant obtained after centrifugation contained the HDL and HDL 3 , while the precipitate contained VLDL and VLDL 3 respectively. Free fatty acid was determined spectrophotometrically as described by Rotimi et al [17].…”

Neutrophils prime unique transcriptional responses in intestinal organoids during infection with nontyphoidal Salmonella enterica serovars

“…Salmonella containing vacuole (SCV), bacterial replication, and susceptibility to typhoid fever (35)(36)(37)(38)(39)(40)(41)(42)(43). Although there may be some cell type differences, the overarching pattern from these studies reveal that increased cholesterol generally enhances Salmonella infection.…”