Naringin enhances reverse cholesterol transport in high fat/low streptozocin induced diabetic rats

Abstract

Naringin, a citrus-derived flavonoid with antihyperglycemic, antihyperlipidemic, and antioxidant properties, is reported to be a useful nutraceutical in the management of diabetes and its complications. This study investigated the mechanism of antiatherogenic properties of naringin in type 2 diabetes (T2DM) using high fat-low streptozocin rat model of T2DM. Rats were treated daily with 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg naringin orally for 21days. Levels of biomarkers of T2DM, lipid profile and activity of paraoxonase (PON) were assayed spectrophotometrically. The levels of expression of hepatic 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-CoA reductase (Hmgcr), scavenger receptor class B member 1 (Scarb1), aryl hydrocarbon receptor (Ahr), hepatic Lipase (Lipc), and lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (Lcat) were assessed using relative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction technique. Naringin treatment resulted in a dose-dependent significant (p < 0.05) decrease in the levels of plasma cholesterol and triglyceride from 84.84 ± 1.62 to 55.59 ± 1.50 mg/dL and 123.03 ± 15.11 to 55.00 ± 0.86 mg/dL, respectively, at 200 mg/kg naringin. In the liver, Scarb1 and Ahr were significantly (p < 0.05) upregulated at 200 mg/kg naringin while Lipc and Lcat were significantly (p < 0.05) upregulated by 50 mg/kg naringin. T2DM-induced decrease in PON activities in the plasma, liver and HDL was significantly (p < 0.05) reversed by 200 mg/kg naringin treatment. These genes play critical roles in reverse cholesterol transport and hence our results showed that the antiatherogenic property of naringin in T2DM involves enhancement of reverse cholesterol transport and PON activity.

In Vivo Rodent Models of Type 2 Diabetes and Their Usefulness for Evaluating Flavonoid Bioactivity

“…Furthermore, naringin may upregulate hepatic and adipocyte PPARγ and GLUT4 to regulate the expression of hepatic enzymes involved in glycolysis and gluconeogenesis, thereby improving hyperglycemia [126]. Oral treatment of naringenin in the HFD/STZ-induced diabetic rat model involves enhancement of reverse cholesterol transport and paraoxonase activity [127], and decreases levels of glucose, HbA1c, MDA, NO, TNF-α, and IL-6 in HFD/STZ-induced diabetic rats [128]. Neohesperidin, a flavanone glycoside found in citrus fruits, is the 7-O-neohesperidose derivative of hesperetin.…”

Naringin Attenuates High Fat Diet Induced Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Gut Bacterial Dysbiosis in Mice

“…Naringin (NAR), a principal flavanone enriched in citrus fruits, appears to reduce hepatic lipid accumulation (Raffoul-Orozco et al, 2018;Zhou et al, 2019), giving it great therapeutic potential for treating NAFLD. NAR is reported to exhibit antihyperglycemic and antioxidant properties (Ahmed et al, 2017;Rotimi et al, 2018). However, the mechanisms by which NAR acts on lipid accumulation remain unclear.…”

Stevioside modulates oxidative damage in the liver and kidney of high fat/low streptozocin diabetic rats

“…This present study therefore seeks to investigate the effects of stevioside on oxidative damage in a high fat fed/streptozotocin-induced T2DM rat model. This model is associated with initial insulin resistance and/or glucose intolerance following streptozocin-induced destruction of functional β-cell mass; hence, mimicking the pathology of human T2DM [ 15 , 16 ]. Using this model, we therefore, hypothesize that the antiglycemic and antioxidant properties of stevioside will be beneficial in protecting DNA from oxidative damage in the diabetic rats.…”