Tissue Doppler imaging and prognosis in asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Kitaoka, Hiroaki; Kubo, Toru; Hayashi, Kamichika; Yamasaki, Naohito; Matsumura, Yuichi; Furuno, Takashi; Doi, Yoshinori

doi:10.1093/ehjci/jes200

Cited by 44 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…We found that the thickness did not exceed 1.2 cm and that thickness was not related to either the body weight or sex of the pig. We also found that left ventricular wall thickness of pigs weighing 30–110 kg was the same as that which has been reported in humans [28,29]. …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Normal electrocardiographic and echocardiographic (M-mode and two-dimensional) values in Polish Landrace pigs

et al. 2014

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BackgroundSwine are recognized animal models of human cardiovascular diseases. Normal values of cardiac morphology and function have been published for swine but for smaller number of pigs and not for swine whose weights ranged up 100 kg. In order to improve the value of results of an investigation on cardiac morphology and function in swine when such data are extrapolated to humans, the aim of this study was to document electrocardiographic and echocardiographic measures of cardiac morphology and function in swine. The study comprised 170 single and repeated measurements that were made in 132 healthy domestic swine (Sus domesticus) whose weights ranged between 20-160 kg and were used as controls in three different experiments. All electrocardiographic and echocardiographic measurements in all swine were done under general anaesthesia.ResultsStatistically significant correlations were found between body weight and heart rate (HR), the duration of the P-wave, the duration of the QRS interval, the duration of the QT interval, and the corrected QT ratio (QTc). Since body weight was positively correlated with age, statistically significant correlations were also found between age and HR, the duration of the P-wave, the duration of the QRS interval, the duration of the QT interval, and the QTc. We found that the thickness of the left ventricular wall and the internal diameter of the left ventricle increased with age and body weight. We also found positive trends between body weight and ejection fraction and body weight and fractional shortening. We also found a positive relationship between age, body weight, and the ratio of the left ventricular internal diameter to its wall thickness, as well as the relative left atrial size.ConclusionMany electro- and echocardiographic measures of cardiac morphology and function of healthy swine are related to their body weight. When the electro- and echocardiographic measures of domestic swine and humans are compared, the most comparable electrocardiographic values are those that were determined in swine whose body weights are not greater than 70 kg. In contrast, the most comparable echocardiographic measures are those that were determined in swine with a body weight of 40–110 kg.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Normal electrocardiographic and echocardiographic (M-mode and two-dimensional) values in Polish Landrace pigs

et al. 2014

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“…E/Em is a reliable predictor of major CV events and death in chronic renal failure, ischemic heart disease and in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy [8,9,38]. Our data indicated that E/Em, an easily attainable ratio in those patients that undergo echocardiography, is associated with major CV events and death also in people with type 2 diabetes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

“…Another functional parameter, readily available from a conventional echocardiography examination, is the ratio E/Em which describes the ratio between early diastolic transmitral flow velocity and early diastolic mitral annular velocity. E/Em is a sensitive, non-invasive measure of the left ventricular end diastolic filling pressure in selected populations [7] and has been found to be independently associated with mortality and CV events in several disease condititions [8-10]. Since patients with type 2 diabetes are prone to develop left ventricular diastolic dysfunction, which often evolves over several years before symptoms occur [11], we hypothezised that E/Em could provide prognostic information also in this population.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interleukin-6 and activin A are independently associated with cardiovascular events and mortality in type 2 diabetes: the prospective Asker and Bærum Cardiovascular Diabetes (ABCD) cohort study

Ofstad

Gullestad

Orvik

et al. 2013

Cardiovasc Diabetol

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BackgroundNovel and robust cardiovascular (CV) markers are needed to improve CV morbidity and mortality risk prediction in type 2 diabetes (T2D). We assessed the long term predictive value of 4 novel CV risk markers for major CV events and mortality.MethodsWe included patients with T2D who had cytokines (interleukin [IL]-6 and activin A [actA]), a maximum stress ECG test (evaluated by the normalization pattern in early recovery phase) and echocardiography (evaluated by a measure of the left ventricular filling pressure - E/Em) assessed at baseline. The primary endpoint was time to first of any of the following events: myocardial infarction, stroke, hospitalization for unstable angina pectoris and death. All outcomes were adjudicated by independent experts. We used Cox proportional hazard modeling, Harrell C-statistic and the net reclassification improvement (NRI) to assess the additional value beyond conventional markers (age, gender, prior CV disease, HDL, creatinine, diastolic BP, microalbuminuria).ResultsAt baseline the study cohort (n = 135, mean age/diabetes duration/HbA1c: 59 yrs/7 yrs/7.6% [59 mmol/mol], 26% females) had moderate elevated CV risk (42% microalbuminuria, mean Framingham 10 year CV-risk 9.6%). During 8.6 yrs/1153.7 person years, 26 patients experienced 36 events. All 4 novel risk markers were significantly associated with increased risk of the primary endpoint, however, only IL-6 and actA improved C-statistic and NRI (+0.119/43.2%, +0.065/20.3% respectively) compared with the conventional CV risk factors.ConclusionsIL-6 and actA may provide prognostic information on CV events and mortality in T2D beyond conventional CV risk factors.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov: NCT00133718

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“…indicated that the LA diameter at diagnosis possessed incremental prognostic power in HCM cases. In addition, Kitaoka et al . noted that patients who experienced cardiovascular events had a larger LV size and LA volume compared with those who did not experience any cardiovascular events.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Predicting Long‐Term Mortality in Patients with Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

et al. 2014

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Tissue Doppler imaging and prognosis in asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Abstract: Assessment of the diastolic function by TDI is useful for risk stratification in HCM patients with no or mild symptoms. TDI measurements should be incorporated into the clinical management of HCM.

Cited by 44 publications

References 22 publications

Normal electrocardiographic and echocardiographic (M-mode and two-dimensional) values in Polish Landrace pigs

Normal electrocardiographic and echocardiographic (M-mode and two-dimensional) values in Polish Landrace pigs

Interleukin-6 and activin A are independently associated with cardiovascular events and mortality in type 2 diabetes: the prospective Asker and Bærum Cardiovascular Diabetes (ABCD) cohort study

Factors Predicting Long‐Term Mortality in Patients with Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

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